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        "resumen" => "<p class="elsevierStylePara">We analyzed graft half-life and attrition rates in 1045 adult deceased donor kidney transplants from 1986-2001&#44; with follow-up to 2011&#44; grouped in two periods &#40;1986-95 vs&#46; 1996-01&#41; according to immunosuppression&#46; The Kaplan-Meier curve showed a significant increase in graft survival during 1996-2001&#46; The uncensored real graft half-life was 10&#46;25 years in 1986-95 and the actuarial was 14&#46;58 years in 1996-2001 &#40;P&#60;0&#46;001&#41;&#46; The attrition rates showed a significantly greater graft loss in 1986-95&#44; even excluding the first year from the analysis&#46; The decline in renal function was significantly less pronounced in 1996-2001&#44; indicating better preservation of renal function&#44; despite the increase in donor age and stroke as the cause of donor death&#46; The parsimonious Cox multivariate model showed donor age&#44; acute rejection&#44; panel reactive antibody&#44; cold ischemia time and delayed graft function were significantly associated with a higher risk of graft loss&#46; In contrast&#44; the risk of graft loss fell by 21&#37; in 1996-2001 compared with 1986-95&#46; A similar reduction &#40;25&#37;&#41; was observed when MMF treatment was entered into the multivariate model instead of study period&#46; Long-term graft survival improved significantly in 1996-2001 compared to 1986-1995 despite older donor age&#46; Modern immunosuppression could have contributed to the improved kidney transplant outcome&#46;</p>"
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Información de la revista
Vol. 34. Núm. 5.septiembre 2014
Páginas 545-692
Vol. 34. Núm. 5.septiembre 2014
Páginas 545-692
Acceso a texto completo
Impacto de la inmunosupresión en la mejora de la supervivencia del injerto tras un transplante renal de donante cadáver: estudio de cohorte a largo plazo
Impact of immunosuppression treatment on the improvement in graft survival after deceased donor renal transplantation: a long-term cohort study
Visitas
15411
Miguel González-Molinaa, Dolores Burgosa, Mercedes Cabelloa, Pedro Ruiz-Estebana, Manuel A. Rodríguezb, Cristina Gutiérreza, Verónica Lópeza, Víctor Baenac, Domingo Hernándeza
a Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Regional Universitario Carlos Haya/IBIMA, Málaga,
b Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería,
c Servicio de Urología, Hospital Regional Universitario Carlos Haya, Málaga,
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo

Análisis de la vida media del injerto y de su tasa de pérdida en 1045 transplantes de donantes cadáver adultos entre 1986 y 2001, con seguimiento hasta 2011, clasificados en dos periodos en función de la inmunosupresión: 1986-1995 y 1996-2001. La curva de Kaplan-Meier mostró un aumento significativo de la supervivencia del injerto durante el periodo 1996-2001. La vida media real no censurada del injerto fue de 10,25 años en 1986-1995 y la actuarial fue de 14,58 años en 1996-2001 (p < 0,001). La tasa de pérdida del injerto fue significativamente mayor en 1986-1995, incluso con la exclusión del primer año del análisis. En 1996-2001, la disminución de la función renal fue menos pronunciada, observándose una mejor conservación a pesar de que los donantes tenían más edad y de que habían fallecido por accidente cardiovascular. El modelo parsimonioso multivariante de Cox reveló que la edad del donante, el rechazo agudo, el panel de anticuerpos reactivos, el tiempo de isquemia fría y la función retrasada del injerto se asociaban de forma significativa a un mayor riesgo de pérdida del injerto. Sin embargo, el riesgo de pérdida del injerto se vio reducido en un 21% en 1996-2001 en comparación con el periodo 1986-1995. Se observó una reducción similar (25%) al incluir el tratamiento con MMF en el modelo multivariante en lugar del periodo de estudio. La supervivencia del injerto a largo plazo mejoró significativamente en 1996-2001 frente al periodo 1986-1995, a pesar de que los donantes tenían más edad. Por lo tanto, la inmunosupresión moderna podría haber contribuido a la mejora de los resultados del transplante renal.

Palabras clave:
Vida media del injerto
Palabras clave:
Tasa de pérdida de injerto
Palabras clave:
Supervivencia del injerto
Palabras clave:
Trasplante renal

We analyzed graft half-life and attrition rates in 1045 adult deceased donor kidney transplants from 1986-2001, with follow-up to 2011, grouped in two periods (1986-95 vs. 1996-01) according to immunosuppression. The Kaplan-Meier curve showed a significant increase in graft survival during 1996-2001. The uncensored real graft half-life was 10.25 years in 1986-95 and the actuarial was 14.58 years in 1996-2001 (P<0.001). The attrition rates showed a significantly greater graft loss in 1986-95, even excluding the first year from the analysis. The decline in renal function was significantly less pronounced in 1996-2001, indicating better preservation of renal function, despite the increase in donor age and stroke as the cause of donor death. The parsimonious Cox multivariate model showed donor age, acute rejection, panel reactive antibody, cold ischemia time and delayed graft function were significantly associated with a higher risk of graft loss. In contrast, the risk of graft loss fell by 21% in 1996-2001 compared with 1986-95. A similar reduction (25%) was observed when MMF treatment was entered into the multivariate model instead of study period. Long-term graft survival improved significantly in 1996-2001 compared to 1986-1995 despite older donor age. Modern immunosuppression could have contributed to the improved kidney transplant outcome.

Keywords:
Graft half-life
Keywords:
Attrition rates
Keywords:
Graft survival
Keywords:
Kidney transplantation
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
Bibliografía
[1]
Meier-Kriesche HU, Schold JD, Kaplan B. Long-term renal allograft survival: have we made significant progress or is it time to rething our analytic and therapeutic strategies? Am J Transplant 2004;4:1289-95. [Pubmed]
[2]
Sola E, Gonzalez-Molina M, Cabello M, Burgos D, Ramos J, Gutierrez C, et al. Long-term improvement of deceased donor renal allograft survival since 1996. A single transplant center study. Transplantation 2010;89(6):714-20. [Pubmed]
[3]
Moreso F, Alonso A, Gentil MA, González-Molina M, Capdevila L, Marcén R, et al. Improvement in late allograft survival between 1990 and 2002 in Spain: results from a multicentre case-control study. Transpl Int 2010;23(9):907-13. [Pubmed]
[4]
Lamb KE, Lodhi S, Meier-Kriesche HU. Long-term renal allograft survival in the United States: a critical reappraisal. Am J Transplant 2011;11:450-62. [Pubmed]
[5]
Kasiske BL, Gaston RS, Gourishankar S, Halloran PF, Matas AJ, Jeffery J, et al. Long-term deterioration of kidney allograft function. Am J Transplant 2005;5:1405-14. [Pubmed]
[6]
Nankivell BJ, Borrows RJ, Fung CL, O'Connell PJ, Allen RD, Chapman JR. The natural history of chronic allograft nephropathy. N Engl J Med 2003;349:2326-33. [Pubmed]
[7]
Gaston RS, Cecka JM, Kasiske BL, Fieberg AM, Leduc R, Cosio FC, et al. Evidence for antibody mediated injury as a major determinant of late kidney allograft failure. Transplantation 2010;90:68-74. [Pubmed]
[8]
Sellares J, de Freitas DG, Mengel M, Reeve J, Einecke G, Sis B, et al. Understanding the causes of kidney transplant failure: the dominant role of antibody-mediated rejection and nonadherence. Am J Transplant 2012;12:388-99. [Pubmed]
[9]
Levey AS, Bosch JP, Lewis JB, Greene T, Rogers N, Roth D. A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine. A new predictor equation. Modification of diet in renal disease study group. Ann Intern Med 1999;130:461-70. [Pubmed]
[10]
Ojo AO, Held PJ, Port FK, Wolfe RA, Leichtman AB, Young EW, et al. Chronic renal failure after transplantation of a non renal organ. N Engl J Med 2003;349:931-40. [Pubmed]
[11]
Kandaswamy R, Humar A, Casingal V, Gillingham KJ, Ibrahim H, Matas AJ. Stable kidney function in the second decade after kidney transplantation while on cyclosporine-based inmunosuppression. Transplantation 2007;83:722-6. [Pubmed]
[12]
Gaston RS. Chronic calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity: reflections on an evolving paradigma. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2009;4:2029-34. [Pubmed]
[13]
Matas AJ. Chronic progressive calcineurin nephrotoxicity: an overstated concept. Am J Transplant 2011;11:687-92. [Pubmed]
[14]
El Zoghby ZM, Stegall MD, Lager DJ, Kremers WK, Amer H, Gloor JM, et al. Identifying specific causes of kidney allograft loss. Am J Transplant 2009;9:527-35. [Pubmed]
[15]
Ojo AO, Meier-Kriesche HU, Hanson J, Leichtman AB, Cibrik D, Magee JC, et al. Mycophenolate mofetil reduces late renal allograft loss independent of acute rejection. Transplantation 2000;69:2405-9. [Pubmed]
[16]
González-Molina M, Serón D, García del Moral R, Carrera M, Sola E, Jesus Alferez M, et al. Mycophenolate mofetil reduces deterioration of renal function in patients with chronic allograft nephropathy. Transplantation 2004;77:215-20. [Pubmed]
[17]
Nankivell BJ, Wavamunno MD, Borrows RJ, Vitalone M, Fung CL, Allen RD, et al. Mycophenolate mofetil is associated with altered expression of chronic renal transplant histology. Am J Transplant 2007;7:366-76. [Pubmed]
[18]
Smith KG, Isbel NM, Catton MG, Leydon JA, Becker GJ, Walker RG. Suppression of the humoral immune response by mycophenolate mofetil. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1998;13:160-4. [Pubmed]
[19]
Ishida H, Tanabe K, Furusawa, Ishizuka T, Shimmura H, Tokumoto T, et al. Mycophenolate mofetil suppresses the production of anti-blood types antibodies after renal transplantation across the ABO blood barrier: ELISA to detect humoral activity. Transplantation 2002;74:1187-9. [Pubmed]
[20]
Dooley MA, Jayne D, Ginzler EM, Isenberg D, Olsen NJ, Wofsy D, et al. Mycophenolate versus azathioprine as maintenance therapy for lupus nephritis. N Engl J Med 2011;365:1886-95. [Pubmed]
[21]
Fine JP, Gray RJ. A proportional hazards model for the subdistribution of a competing risk. J Am Stat Assoc 1999;94:496-509.
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Nefrología
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