Prevalencia de la insuficiencia renal crónica en España: Resultados del estudio EPIRCE
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Gayoso, F. García" "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => array:1 [ "apellidos" => "on behalf of the EPIRCE Study Group" ] 1 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Alfonso" "apellidos" => "Otero González" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "alfonso.otero.gonzalez@sergas.es" ] "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "affb" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "Iniciales" => "A." "apellidos" => "de Francisco" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "affc" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "Iniciales" => "P." "apellidos" => "Gayoso" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "affb" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "Iniciales" => "F." 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"/></a></p> <p class="elsevierStylePara">Tabla 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of Spanish population aged 20 years or older based on the cohort collected in the EPIRCE study (n = 2,746). </p> <p class="elsevierStylePara"><a href="grande/10117108_10117_t2.jpg" class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs"><img src="10117108_10117_t2.jpg" alt="Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the Spanish population aged 20 years or older based on thee cohort collected in the EPIRCE study (n = 2,746)."/></a></p> <p class="elsevierStylePara">Tabla 2. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the Spanish population aged 20 years or older based on thee cohort collected in the EPIRCE study (n = 2,746).</p> <p class="elsevierStylePara"><a href="grande/10117108_10117_t3.jpg" class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs"><img src="10117108_10117_t3.jpg" alt="Unadjusted associations between demographic or clinical characteristics and the presence of chronic kidney disease (eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2)"/></a></p> <p class="elsevierStylePara">Tabla 3. Unadjusted associations between demographic or clinical characteristics and the presence of chronic kidney disease (eGFR <60 ml min per 1 73 m2</60></p> <p class="elsevierStylePara"><a href="grande/10117108_10117_t4.jpg" class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs"><img src="10117108_10117_t4.jpg" alt="Independent predictors of chronic kidney disease (eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 ) in the multivariate logistic regression model"/></a></p> <p class="elsevierStylePara">Tabla 4. Independent predictors of chronic kidney disease (eGFR <60 ml min per 1 73 m2 in the multivariate logistic regression model</60></p>" "pdfFichero" => "P1-E43-S1785-A10117.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "es" => array:3 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec431505" "palabras" => array:1 [ 0 => "Epidemiología" ] ] 1 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec431507" "palabras" => array:1 [ 0 => "Insuficiencia renal crónica" ] ] 2 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec431509" "palabras" => array:1 [ 0 => "Factores de riesgo cardiovascular" ] ] ] "en" => array:3 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec431506" "palabras" => array:1 [ 0 => "Epidemiology" ] ] 1 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec431508" "palabras" => array:1 [ 0 => "Chronic kidney disease" ] ] 2 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec431510" "palabras" => array:1 [ 0 => "Cardiovascular risk factors" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "es" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Introducción: </span>La insuficiencia renal crónica (IRC) constituye un factor de riesgo cardiovascular independiente. El conocimiento de su prevalencia en la población general puede contribuir a la detección precoz de esta enfermedad y de prevenir o retrasar su evolución. <span class="elsevierStyleBold">Métodos: </span>Se seleccionó una muestra aleatoria de población general española, con edad igual o superior a 20 años, distribuida por todo el territorio nacional y estratificada por hábitat, edad y sexo conforme al censo de 2001 (n = 2.746). Se recopilaron datos sociodemográficos y clínicos, y se evaluó la prevalencia de IRC mediante determinación centralizada de creatinina sérica y aplicación de la ecuación MDRD. Se llevaron a cabo análisis univariantes y multivariantes para evaluar la asociación entre la IRC y diversos factores de riesgo. <span class="elsevierStyleBold">Resultados: </span>La edad media fue de 49,5 años. La prevalencia global de IRC en estadios 3-5, según la Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative, fue del 6,8%, con un intervalo de confianza del 95% (IC) de 5,4 a 8,2 (3,3% para edades 40-64 años y 21,4% para edades >64 años). Las prevalencias estimadas para cada uno de los estadios de IRC fueron: 0,99% para estadio 1 (tasa de filtrado glomerular [TFG] >_90 ml/min por 1,73 m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup"> </span>con proteinuria); 1,3% para estadio 2 (TFG 60-89); 5,4% para estadio 3a (TFG 45-59); 1,1% para estadio 3b (TFG 30-44); 0,27% para estadio 4 (TFG 15-29), y 0,03% para estadio 5 (TFG <15). Se apreció una prevalencia considerable de factores de riesgo cardiovascular clásicos: dislipemia (29,3%), obesidad (26,1%), hipertensión (24,1%), diabetes (9,2%) y tabaquismo activo (25,5%). Los factores predictores independientes de IRC fueron la edad, la obesidad y la hipertensión previamente diagnosticada. <span class="elsevierStyleBold">Conclusiones: </span>La prevalencia de IRC (en cualquier estadio) en la población general española es relativamente elevada, en especial en los individuos de edad avanzada, y similar a la de otros países del mismo entorno geográfico. Además de la edad, dos factores de riesgo modificables, la hipertensión y la obesidad, se asociaron con una mayor prevalencia de IRC.</p>" ] "en" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Introduction: </span>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an independent cardiovascular risk factor. The knowledge of prevalence in general population may help to early detection of CKD and prevent or delay its progression. <span class="elsevierStyleBold">Methods: </span>Sociodemographic, baseline characteristics, and CKD prevalence (measured by centralized serum creatinine and MDRD equation) were evaluated in a randomly selected sample of general population aged 20 years or older, collected in all Spanish regions and stratified by habitat, age and sex according to 2001 census (n = 2,746). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate associations with CKD risk factors. <span class="elsevierStyleBold">Results: </span>Mean age was 49.5 years. The overall prevalence of Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative grades 3-5 CKD was 6.8%, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 5.4 to 8.2 (3.3% for age 40-64 years and 21.4% for age >64 years). The prevalence estimates of CKD stages were: 0.99% for stage 1 (glomerular filtration rate [GFR] >_90 ml/min per 1.73 m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> with proteinuria); 1.3% for stage 2 (GFR 60-89); 5.4% for stage 3a (GFR 45-59); 1.1% for stage 3b (GFR 30-44); 0.27% for stage 4 (GFR 15-29); and 0.03% for stage 5 (GFR <15). An important prevalence of classical cardiovascular risk factors was observed: dyslipemia (29.3%), obesity (26.1%), hypertension (24.1%), diabetes (9.2%) and current smoking (25.5%). The independent predictor factors for CKD were age, obesity and previously diagnosed hypertension. <span class="elsevierStyleBold">Conclusions: </span>The prevalence of CKD at any stage in general population from Spain is relatively high, especially in the elderly, and similar to countries of the same geographical area. Independently of age, two modifiable risks factors, hypertension and obesity, are associated with an increased prevalence of CKD.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig1" "etiqueta" => "Tab. 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "copyright" => "Elsevier España" "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "10117108_10117_t1.jpg" "Alto" => 3036 "Ancho" => 1732 "Tamanyo" => 607730 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Demographic and clinical characteristics of Spanish population aged 20 years or older based on the cohort collected in the EPIRCE study (n = 2,746)." ] ] 1 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig2" "etiqueta" => "Tab. 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "copyright" => "Elsevier España" "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "10117108_10117_t2.jpg" "Alto" => 1177 "Ancho" => 1723 "Tamanyo" => 299198 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the Spanish population aged 20 years or older based on thee cohort collected in the EPIRCE study (n = 2,746)." ] ] 2 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig3" "etiqueta" => "Tab. 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "copyright" => "Elsevier España" "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "10117108_10117_t3.jpg" "Alto" => 1353 "Ancho" => 1726 "Tamanyo" => 419998 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Unadjusted associations between demographic or clinical characteristics and the presence of chronic kidney disease (eGFR <60 ml min per 1 73 m2</60>" ] ] 3 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig4" "etiqueta" => "Tab. 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "copyright" => "Elsevier España" "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "10117108_10117_t4.jpg" "Alto" => 201 "Ancho" => 1717 "Tamanyo" => 51964 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Independent predictors of chronic kidney disease (eGFR <60 ml min per 1 73 m2 in the multivariate logistic regression model</60>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bibliography" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:43 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Stenvinkel P, Barany P, Heimburger O, Pecoits-Filho R, Lindholm B. 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| 2024 Marzo | 191 | 80 | 271 |
| 2024 Febrero | 182 | 90 | 272 |
| 2024 Enero | 146 | 51 | 197 |
| 2023 Diciembre | 114 | 43 | 157 |
| 2023 Noviembre | 225 | 106 | 331 |
| 2023 Octubre | 185 | 84 | 269 |
| 2023 Septiembre | 181 | 68 | 249 |
| 2023 Agosto | 121 | 50 | 171 |
| 2023 Julio | 171 | 63 | 234 |
| 2023 Junio | 171 | 65 | 236 |
| 2023 Mayo | 193 | 105 | 298 |
| 2023 Abril | 153 | 115 | 268 |
| 2023 Marzo | 188 | 92 | 280 |
| 2023 Febrero | 144 | 92 | 236 |
| 2023 Enero | 145 | 87 | 232 |
| 2022 Diciembre | 161 | 88 | 249 |
| 2022 Noviembre | 227 | 110 | 337 |
| 2022 Octubre | 207 | 97 | 304 |
| 2022 Septiembre | 188 | 106 | 294 |
| 2022 Agosto | 131 | 84 | 215 |
| 2022 Julio | 130 | 111 | 241 |
| 2022 Junio | 143 | 88 | 231 |
| 2022 Mayo | 185 | 148 | 333 |
| 2022 Abril | 165 | 141 | 306 |
| 2022 Marzo | 189 | 160 | 349 |
| 2022 Febrero | 158 | 122 | 280 |
| 2022 Enero | 353 | 131 | 484 |
| 2021 Diciembre | 180 | 135 | 315 |
| 2021 Noviembre | 170 | 136 | 306 |
| 2021 Octubre | 258 | 176 | 434 |
| 2021 Septiembre | 158 | 92 | 250 |
| 2021 Agosto | 123 | 101 | 224 |
| 2021 Julio | 235 | 119 | 354 |
| 2021 Junio | 231 | 113 | 344 |
| 2021 Mayo | 208 | 144 | 352 |
| 2021 Abril | 430 | 244 | 674 |
| 2021 Marzo | 202 | 150 | 352 |
| 2021 Febrero | 194 | 110 | 304 |
| 2021 Enero | 151 | 92 | 243 |
| 2020 Diciembre | 174 | 67 | 241 |
| 2020 Noviembre | 136 | 76 | 212 |
| 2020 Octubre | 128 | 64 | 192 |
| 2020 Septiembre | 140 | 62 | 202 |
| 2020 Agosto | 111 | 50 | 161 |
| 2020 Julio | 160 | 63 | 223 |
| 2020 Junio | 193 | 65 | 258 |
| 2020 Mayo | 179 | 106 | 285 |
| 2020 Abril | 228 | 93 | 321 |
| 2020 Marzo | 181 | 76 | 257 |
| 2020 Febrero | 193 | 99 | 292 |
| 2020 Enero | 182 | 80 | 262 |
| 2019 Diciembre | 145 | 80 | 225 |
| 2019 Noviembre | 196 | 77 | 273 |
| 2019 Octubre | 200 | 70 | 270 |
| 2019 Septiembre | 174 | 73 | 247 |
| 2019 Agosto | 129 | 53 | 182 |
| 2019 Julio | 139 | 67 | 206 |
| 2019 Junio | 144 | 105 | 249 |
| 2019 Mayo | 244 | 165 | 409 |
| 2019 Abril | 278 | 159 | 437 |
| 2019 Marzo | 198 | 132 | 330 |
| 2019 Febrero | 156 | 109 | 265 |
| 2019 Enero | 130 | 65 | 195 |
| 2018 Diciembre | 197 | 63 | 260 |
| 2018 Noviembre | 256 | 25 | 281 |
| 2018 Octubre | 233 | 27 | 260 |
| 2018 Septiembre | 205 | 30 | 235 |
| 2018 Agosto | 132 | 17 | 149 |
| 2018 Julio | 137 | 17 | 154 |
| 2018 Junio | 154 | 14 | 168 |
| 2018 Mayo | 208 | 20 | 228 |
| 2018 Abril | 163 | 9 | 172 |
| 2018 Marzo | 196 | 16 | 212 |
| 2018 Febrero | 183 | 15 | 198 |
| 2018 Enero | 147 | 12 | 159 |
| 2017 Diciembre | 110 | 13 | 123 |
| 2017 Noviembre | 169 | 17 | 186 |
| 2017 Octubre | 138 | 16 | 154 |
| 2017 Septiembre | 134 | 24 | 158 |
| 2017 Agosto | 108 | 19 | 127 |
| 2017 Julio | 103 | 5 | 108 |
| 2017 Junio | 197 | 11 | 208 |
| 2017 Mayo | 274 | 15 | 289 |
| 2017 Abril | 255 | 21 | 276 |
| 2017 Marzo | 434 | 15 | 449 |
| 2017 Febrero | 656 | 5 | 661 |
| 2017 Enero | 341 | 3 | 344 |
| 2016 Diciembre | 270 | 9 | 279 |
| 2016 Noviembre | 308 | 11 | 319 |
| 2016 Octubre | 349 | 16 | 365 |
| 2016 Septiembre | 497 | 27 | 524 |
| 2016 Agosto | 558 | 48 | 606 |
| 2016 Julio | 374 | 51 | 425 |
| 2016 Junio | 324 | 0 | 324 |
| 2016 Mayo | 337 | 0 | 337 |
| 2016 Abril | 278 | 0 | 278 |
| 2016 Marzo | 254 | 0 | 254 |
| 2016 Febrero | 259 | 0 | 259 |
| 2016 Enero | 190 | 0 | 190 |
| 2015 Diciembre | 224 | 0 | 224 |
| 2015 Noviembre | 216 | 0 | 216 |
| 2015 Octubre | 190 | 0 | 190 |
| 2015 Septiembre | 177 | 0 | 177 |
| 2015 Agosto | 164 | 0 | 164 |
| 2015 Julio | 143 | 0 | 143 |
| 2015 Junio | 108 | 0 | 108 |
| 2015 Mayo | 214 | 0 | 214 |
| 2015 Abril | 30 | 0 | 30 |
| 2015 Febrero | 7201 | 0 | 7201 |
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