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biopsia renal en 2 pacientes&#44; con diagn&#243;stico anatomopatol&#243;gico de nefropat&#237;a por cilindros&#46; En los casos restantes no se llev&#243; a cabo biopsia renal por alteraciones hematol&#243;gicas&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se realizaron HD de 8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h con el dializador HCO 2100 &#40;Theralite<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#174;</span> de 2&#44;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#44; Gambro&#44; Deerfield&#44; Illinois&#44; EE&#46; UU&#46;&#41;&#44; con los monitores de HD que se emplean habitualmente en nuestra unidad &#40;5008 CorDiax<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#174;</span>&#44; Fresenius Medical Care&#44; Bad Homburg&#44; Alemania&#41;&#46; Con flujos sangu&#237;neos de 250-300<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#47;min y un flujo de l&#237;quido de di&#225;lisis ultrapuro de 500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#47;min&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La heparinizaci&#243;n se realiz&#243; con dosis horarias de heparina s&#243;dica no fraccionada &#40;dosis inicial de 0&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;kg en la primera hora y 10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;h con ajuste seg&#250;n TTPA a la cuarta hora&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Tras cada sesi&#243;n se llevaba a cabo reposici&#243;n con alb&#250;mina al 20&#37; &#40;100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#41;&#44; fosfato monos&#243;dico &#40;10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#41;&#44; sulfato de magnesio 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>M &#40;10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#41; y gluconato c&#225;lcico&#46; Dichos suplementos se ajustaron seg&#250;n las necesidades de cada paciente&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El esquema terap&#233;utico empleado se basaba en 5 sesiones en d&#237;as consecutivos&#44; 6 sesiones a d&#237;as alternos y posteriormente con 3 sesiones semanales hasta la recuperaci&#243;n de la funci&#243;n renal y&#47;o un descenso de las CLL<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;L y&#47;o transcurr&#237;an 6 semanas&#44; momento en el que se valoraba si se continuaba con el tratamiento seg&#250;n la evoluci&#243;n y respuesta a la quimioterapia&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para el an&#225;lisis de los datos se emple&#243; el programa SPSS 15&#46;0&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se analizaron 8 pacientes &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla 1</a>&#41;&#46; Tres eran varones &#40;37&#37;&#41; y 5 mujeres &#40;62&#37;&#41;&#44; con edad media de 67<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9 a&#241;os&#46; Seis pacientes &#40;75&#37;&#41; presentaron un mieloma m&#250;ltiple <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">de novo</span> y 2 &#40;25&#37;&#41; reca&#237;da&#46; Un paciente &#40;12&#37;&#41; ten&#237;a antecedentes de enfermedad renal cr&#243;nica por nefroangioesclerosis &#40;FG CDK EPI 49<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#47;min&#47;1&#44;73m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#41;&#46; La CLL involucrada fue <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">lambda</span> en 5 pacientes &#40;62&#37;&#41;&#46; Siete pacientes &#40;87&#37;&#41; presentaban afectaci&#243;n renal en el momento del diagn&#243;stico y todos precisaron HD al inicio del tratamiento&#46; La mediana de CLL al inicio era de 3&#46;415<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;L &#40;2&#46;740-11&#46;975&#41;&#46; En 3 pacientes &#40;37&#37;&#41; se retras&#243; la HD con HCO<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span> 7 d&#237;as desde el diagn&#243;stico del fracaso renal agudo&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se realiz&#243; una mediana de 10 sesiones de HD extendidas con HCO por paciente &#40;8-19&#41;&#44; con una reducci&#243;n media de CLL por sesi&#243;n del 73&#37; &#40;61-77&#41;&#46; En la &#250;ltima sesi&#243;n de HD con HCO observamos una concentraci&#243;n media de CLL &#40;predi&#225;lisis&#41; de 972<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;L &#40;562-2&#46;815&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Seis pacientes &#40;75&#37;&#41; presentaron una mejor&#237;a de la funci&#243;n renal&#44; no precisando HD al final del tratamiento&#46; En 2 pacientes no observamos mejor&#237;a de la funci&#243;n renal&#44; entrando en programa de HD cr&#243;nica&#46; En estos 2 pacientes el inicio del tratamiento con HD con HCO se demor&#243; m&#225;s de 7 d&#237;as&#44; y uno de ellos fue refractario al tratamiento quimioter&#225;pico&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Entre los pacientes que recuperaron la funci&#243;n renal observamos una mediana de 9 meses libres de HD &#40;5-15&#41;&#46; El tiempo de seguimiento medio de cada paciente fue de 9 meses &#40;4-15&#41;&#46; Falleci&#243; un paciente a los 11 meses del inicio de la HD con HCO como consecuencia de una sepsis con fallo multiorg&#225;nico manteniendo una funci&#243;n renal estable hasta ese momento&#46;</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los niveles medios de alb&#250;mina fueron de 2&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g&#47;dl&#44; los de potasio de 3&#44;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mEq&#47;l&#44; f&#243;sforo 2&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;dl&#44; calcio 8&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;dl y magnesio 1&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;dl&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los pacientes toleraron adecuadamente las sesiones desde el punto de vista hemodin&#225;mico y no se produjeron incidencias rese&#241;ables durante las mismas&#46;</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Existen cada d&#237;a m&#225;s trabajos en los que se propone la HD con HCO como terapias coadyuvantes eficaces en el tratamiento del ri&#241;&#243;n del mieloma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#8211;8</span></a> &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabla 2</a>&#41;&#46; La ventaja de estas t&#233;cnicas es su elevado <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">cut off</span>&#44; de hasta 60<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>kD&#44; con el que se obtiene un mayor aclaramiento de las CLL&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La principal limitaci&#243;n de estas t&#233;cnicas es la falta estudios controlados y aleatorizados&#46; Est&#225;n en marcha actualmente 2 estudios&#44; multic&#233;ntricos&#44; a nivel europeo&#44; EuLITE<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> y MYRE<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> cuyos resultados aportar&#225;n una mayor evidencia en el empleo de estas t&#233;cnicas&#46;</p></span>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">CLL&#58; cadenas ligeras libres&#59; FRA&#58; fracaso renal agudo&#59; HCO&#58; dializadores de alto poro&#59; HD&#58; hemodi&#225;lisis&#59; MM&#58; mieloma m&#250;ltiple&#46;</p><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se emple&#243; hemodi&#225;lisis extendida con dializador HCO 2100 de Gambro &#40;Theralite&#174;&#41; en todos los casos&#46;</p>"
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                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Sexo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Tipo MM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Crp<br>Inicial &#40;mg&#47;dl&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Crp<br>Final &#40;mg&#47;dl&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">CLL<br>Inicial &#40;mg&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">CLL<br>Final &#40;mg&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Reducci&#243;n CLL&#47;sesi&#243;n &#40;mediana&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">N&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">o</span> sesiones&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">HCO<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7<br>d&#237;as<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Mujer&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">IgA lambda&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&#46;330&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;300&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">78&#37; &#40;21-64&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">28&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#237;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Mujer&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">IgG kappa&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">21&#46;200&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">984&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">40&#37; &#40;71-88&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">13&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Hombre&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">BJ<br>lambda&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">18&#44;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">HD cr&#243;nica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;960&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">56&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">72&#37; &#40;58-84&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#237;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Mujer&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">IgA lambda&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#44;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;290&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">519&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">70&#37; &#40;63-75&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Hombre&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">IgG lambda&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#44;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&#44;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;800&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;320&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">59&#37; &#40;67-80&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Hombre&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">BJ lambda&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">10&#46;400&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;240&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">78&#37; &#40;52-70&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Mujer&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">BJ kappa&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">13&#44;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">HD cr&#243;nica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">12&#46;500&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;820&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">77&#37; &#40;67-84&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">21&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#237;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Mujer&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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Carta al Director
Fracaso renal agudo en pacientes con mieloma: Nuestra experiencia con hemodiálisis extendidas con dializadores de alto poro
Acute renal failure in patients with myeloma: Experience with extended high cut-off hemodialysis
María Isabel Sáeza,
Autor para correspondencia
isabelsaezcalero@gmail.com

Autora para correspondencia.
, Vanesa Camareroa, Alejandro Rosalesa, Badawi Hijazia, María Jesus Izquierdoa, Jorge Labradorb, Rodolfo Alvárezb, Julio Hermidab, Verónica Mercadoa, María Dolores Badíac, Raquel de Toroa, Basilia Gonzáleza, Pedro Abaigara
a Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, España
b Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, España
c Servicio de Análisis Clínico, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, España
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El objetivo del presente trabajo es compartir nuestra experiencia y sumarnos a los diferentes trabajos existentes en la literatura que proponen la hemodi&#225;lisis &#40;HD&#41; con dializadores de alto poro &#40;HCO&#41; como una opci&#243;n prometedora dentro del tratamiento del ri&#241;&#243;n del mieloma&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Realizamos un estudio prospectivo&#44; entre noviembre de 2012 y febrero de 2015&#44; en el que se analizaron 8 pacientes&#44; con mieloma m&#250;ltiple y fracaso renal agudo&#44; con necesidad de di&#225;lisis y niveles de cadenas ligeras libres &#40;CLL&#41; en suero&#44; medidas por nefelometr&#237;a &#40;FREELITE<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#174;</span>&#44; The Binding Site&#44; Birmingham&#44; Reino Unido&#41;&#44; por encima de 500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;L&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Todos los pacientes recibieron tratamiento con reg&#237;menes basados en bortezomib&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los pacientes fueron informados de la t&#233;cnica tras lo cual firmaron un consentimiento&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se realiz&#243; biopsia renal en 2 pacientes&#44; con diagn&#243;stico anatomopatol&#243;gico de nefropat&#237;a por cilindros&#46; En los casos restantes no se llev&#243; a cabo biopsia renal por alteraciones hematol&#243;gicas&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se realizaron HD de 8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h con el dializador HCO 2100 &#40;Theralite<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#174;</span> de 2&#44;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#44; Gambro&#44; Deerfield&#44; Illinois&#44; EE&#46; UU&#46;&#41;&#44; con los monitores de HD que se emplean habitualmente en nuestra unidad &#40;5008 CorDiax<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#174;</span>&#44; Fresenius Medical Care&#44; Bad Homburg&#44; Alemania&#41;&#46; Con flujos sangu&#237;neos de 250-300<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#47;min y un flujo de l&#237;quido de di&#225;lisis ultrapuro de 500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#47;min&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La heparinizaci&#243;n se realiz&#243; con dosis horarias de heparina s&#243;dica no fraccionada &#40;dosis inicial de 0&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;kg en la primera hora y 10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;h con ajuste seg&#250;n TTPA a la cuarta hora&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Tras cada sesi&#243;n se llevaba a cabo reposici&#243;n con alb&#250;mina al 20&#37; &#40;100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#41;&#44; fosfato monos&#243;dico &#40;10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#41;&#44; sulfato de magnesio 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>M &#40;10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#41; y gluconato c&#225;lcico&#46; Dichos suplementos se ajustaron seg&#250;n las necesidades de cada paciente&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El esquema terap&#233;utico empleado se basaba en 5 sesiones en d&#237;as consecutivos&#44; 6 sesiones a d&#237;as alternos y posteriormente con 3 sesiones semanales hasta la recuperaci&#243;n de la funci&#243;n renal y&#47;o un descenso de las CLL<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;L y&#47;o transcurr&#237;an 6 semanas&#44; momento en el que se valoraba si se continuaba con el tratamiento seg&#250;n la evoluci&#243;n y respuesta a la quimioterapia&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para el an&#225;lisis de los datos se emple&#243; el programa SPSS 15&#46;0&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se analizaron 8 pacientes &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla 1</a>&#41;&#46; Tres eran varones &#40;37&#37;&#41; y 5 mujeres &#40;62&#37;&#41;&#44; con edad media de 67<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9 a&#241;os&#46; Seis pacientes &#40;75&#37;&#41; presentaron un mieloma m&#250;ltiple <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">de novo</span> y 2 &#40;25&#37;&#41; reca&#237;da&#46; Un paciente &#40;12&#37;&#41; ten&#237;a antecedentes de enfermedad renal cr&#243;nica por nefroangioesclerosis &#40;FG CDK EPI 49<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#47;min&#47;1&#44;73m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#41;&#46; La CLL involucrada fue <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">lambda</span> en 5 pacientes &#40;62&#37;&#41;&#46; Siete pacientes &#40;87&#37;&#41; presentaban afectaci&#243;n renal en el momento del diagn&#243;stico y todos precisaron HD al inicio del tratamiento&#46; La mediana de CLL al inicio era de 3&#46;415<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;L &#40;2&#46;740-11&#46;975&#41;&#46; En 3 pacientes &#40;37&#37;&#41; se retras&#243; la HD con HCO<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span> 7 d&#237;as desde el diagn&#243;stico del fracaso renal agudo&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se realiz&#243; una mediana de 10 sesiones de HD extendidas con HCO por paciente &#40;8-19&#41;&#44; con una reducci&#243;n media de CLL por sesi&#243;n del 73&#37; &#40;61-77&#41;&#46; En la &#250;ltima sesi&#243;n de HD con HCO observamos una concentraci&#243;n media de CLL &#40;predi&#225;lisis&#41; de 972<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;L &#40;562-2&#46;815&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Seis pacientes &#40;75&#37;&#41; presentaron una mejor&#237;a de la funci&#243;n renal&#44; no precisando HD al final del tratamiento&#46; En 2 pacientes no observamos mejor&#237;a de la funci&#243;n renal&#44; entrando en programa de HD cr&#243;nica&#46; En estos 2 pacientes el inicio del tratamiento con HD con HCO se demor&#243; m&#225;s de 7 d&#237;as&#44; y uno de ellos fue refractario al tratamiento quimioter&#225;pico&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Entre los pacientes que recuperaron la funci&#243;n renal observamos una mediana de 9 meses libres de HD &#40;5-15&#41;&#46; El tiempo de seguimiento medio de cada paciente fue de 9 meses &#40;4-15&#41;&#46; Falleci&#243; un paciente a los 11 meses del inicio de la HD con HCO como consecuencia de una sepsis con fallo multiorg&#225;nico manteniendo una funci&#243;n renal estable hasta ese momento&#46;</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los niveles medios de alb&#250;mina fueron de 2&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g&#47;dl&#44; los de potasio de 3&#44;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mEq&#47;l&#44; f&#243;sforo 2&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;dl&#44; calcio 8&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;dl y magnesio 1&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;dl&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los pacientes toleraron adecuadamente las sesiones desde el punto de vista hemodin&#225;mico y no se produjeron incidencias rese&#241;ables durante las mismas&#46;</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Existen cada d&#237;a m&#225;s trabajos en los que se propone la HD con HCO como terapias coadyuvantes eficaces en el tratamiento del ri&#241;&#243;n del mieloma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#8211;8</span></a> &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabla 2</a>&#41;&#46; La ventaja de estas t&#233;cnicas es su elevado <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">cut off</span>&#44; de hasta 60<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>kD&#44; con el que se obtiene un mayor aclaramiento de las CLL&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La principal limitaci&#243;n de estas t&#233;cnicas es la falta estudios controlados y aleatorizados&#46; Est&#225;n en marcha actualmente 2 estudios&#44; multic&#233;ntricos&#44; a nivel europeo&#44; EuLITE<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> y MYRE<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> cuyos resultados aportar&#225;n una mayor evidencia en el empleo de estas t&#233;cnicas&#46;</p></span>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">CLL&#58; cadenas ligeras libres&#59; FRA&#58; fracaso renal agudo&#59; HCO&#58; dializadores de alto poro&#59; HD&#58; hemodi&#225;lisis&#59; MM&#58; mieloma m&#250;ltiple&#46;</p><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se emple&#243; hemodi&#225;lisis extendida con dializador HCO 2100 de Gambro &#40;Theralite&#174;&#41; en todos los casos&#46;</p>"
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                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Sexo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Tipo MM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Crp<br>Inicial &#40;mg&#47;dl&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Crp<br>Final &#40;mg&#47;dl&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">CLL<br>Inicial &#40;mg&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">CLL<br>Final &#40;mg&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Reducci&#243;n CLL&#47;sesi&#243;n &#40;mediana&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">N&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">o</span> sesiones&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">HCO<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7<br>d&#237;as<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Mujer&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">IgA lambda&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&#46;330&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;300&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">78&#37; &#40;21-64&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">28&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#237;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Mujer&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">IgG kappa&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">21&#46;200&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">984&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">40&#37; &#40;71-88&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">13&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Hombre&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">BJ<br>lambda&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">18&#44;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">HD cr&#243;nica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;960&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">56&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">72&#37; &#40;58-84&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#237;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Mujer&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">IgA lambda&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#44;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;290&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">519&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">70&#37; &#40;63-75&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Hombre&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">IgG lambda&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#44;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&#44;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;800&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;320&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">59&#37; &#40;67-80&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Hombre&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">BJ lambda&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">10&#46;400&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;240&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">78&#37; &#40;52-70&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Mujer&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">BJ kappa&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">13&#44;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">HD cr&#243;nica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">12&#46;500&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;820&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">77&#37; &#40;67-84&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">21&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#237;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Mujer&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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Información del artículo
ISSN: 02116995
Idioma original: Español
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