Información del artículo
Bibliografía
Estadísticas
Bibliografía
[1]
1. World Health Organization. Preventing Chronic Diseases: A Vital Investment: WHO Global Report. 2005. 2008-2013 action plan for the global strategy for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases: prevent and control cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes.
[2]
2. Anderson GF, Chu E. Expanding priorities¿Confronting chronic disease in countries with low income. N Engl J Med 2007;356:209-11. [Pubmed]
[3]
3. Narayan KM, Ali MK, Koplan JP. Global noncommunicable diseases-where worlds meet. N Engl J Med 2010;363:1196-8. [Pubmed]
[4]
4. Ritz E, Bakris G, World Kidney Day Organising Committee. World Kidney Day: hypertension and chronic kidney disease. Lancet 2009;373:1157-8.
[5]
5. Atkins RC, Zimmet P, ISN-IFKF World Kidney Day Steering Committee. Diabetic kidney disease: Act now or pay later. Nat Rev Nephrol 6:134-136. [Pubmed]
[6]
6. Go AS, Chertow GM, Fan D, McCulloch CE, Hsu CY. Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization. N Engl J Med 2004;351:1296-305. [Pubmed]
[7]
7. Tonelli M, Wiebe N, Culleton B, House A, Rabbat C, Fok M, et al. Chronic kidney disease and mortality risk: A systematic review. J Am Soc Nephrol 2006;17:2034¿47.
[8]
8. Hillege HL, Fidler V, Diercks GFH, Van Gilst WH, De Zeeuw D, Van Veldhuisen DJ, et al., for the PREVEND study group. Urinary albumin excretion predicts cardiovascular and noncardiovascular mortality in general population. Circulation 2002;106:1777-82. [Pubmed]
[9]
9. Klausen K, Borch-Johnsen K, Feldt-Rasmussen B, Jensen G, Clausen P, Scharling H, et al. Very low levels of microalbuminuria are associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease and death independently of renal function, hypertension, and diabetes. Circulation 2004;110:32-5. [Pubmed]
[10]
Van Domburg RT, Hoeks SE, Welten GMJM, Chonchol M, Elhendy A, Poldermans D. Renal insufficiency and mortality in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. J Am Soc Neph 2008;19:158-63.
[11]
11. Rashidi A, Sehgal AR, Rahman M, O'Connor AS. The case for chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and myocardial infarction being equivalent risk factors for cardiovascular mortality in patients older than 65 years. Am J Cardiol 2008;102:1668-9.
[12]
McCullough PA, Li S, Jurkovitz CT, Stevens LA, Wang C, Collins AJ, et al., Kidney Early Evaluation Program Investigators. CKD and Cardiovascular Disease in Screened High-Risk Volunteer and General Populations: The Kidney Early Evaluation Program (KEEP) and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2004. Am J Kidney Dis 2008;51:S38-S45. [Pubmed]
[13]
13. McCullough PA, Jurkovitz CT, Pergola PE, McGill JB, Brown WW, Collins AJ, et al, for the KEEP Investigators. Independent components of chronic kidney disease as a cardiovascular risk state: results from the Kidney Early Evaluation Program (KEEP). Arch Intern Med 2007;167:1122-9. [Pubmed]
[14]
14. McCullough PA, Li S, Jurkovitz CT, Stevens L, Collins AJ, Chen SC, et al, KEEP Investigators.Chronic kidney disease: prevalence of premature cardiovascular disease and relationship to short-term mortality. Am Heart J 2008;156:277-83.
[15]
15. Astor BC, Hallan SI, Miller ER 3rd, Yeung E, Coresh J. Glomerular filtration rate, albuminuria, and risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in the US population. Am J Epidemiol 2008;167:1226-33.
[16]
16. Irie F, Iso H, Sairenchi T, Fukusawa N, Yamiaqishi K, Ikehara S, et al. The relationships of proteinuria, serum creatinine, glomerular filtration rate with cardiovascular disease mortality in Japanese general population. Kidney Int 2006;69:1264-71. [Pubmed]
[17]
17. Granger CB, Swedberg K, Pfeffer MA, Yusuf S, McMurray JJ, CHARM Investigators Individuals at Increased renal risk. J Am Soc Nephrol 2009;20:852-62. [Pubmed]
[18]
18. Tonelli M, Jose P, Curhan G, Sacks F, Braunwald E, Pfeffer M, Cholesterol and Recurrent Events (CARE) Trial Investigators. Proteinuria, impaired kidney function, and adverse outcomes in people with coronary disease: analysis of a previously conducted randomised trial. BMJ 2006;332:1426. [Pubmed]
[19]
19. Matsushita K, Selvin E, Bash LD, Franceschini N, Astor BC, Coresh J. Change in estimated GRF associates with coronary heart disease and mortality. J Am Soc Nephrol 2009;20:2617-24. [Pubmed]
[20]
20. Malyszko J, Bachorzewska-Gajewska H, Malyszko JS, Dobrzycki S. Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in Elderly Patients with Normal Serum Creatinine Levels Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Interventions. Gerontology 2010;56:51-4.
[21]
21. Hemmelgarn BR, Manns BJ, Lloyd A, James MT, Klarenbach S, Quinn RR, et al, Alberta Kidney Disease Network. Relation between kidney function, proteinuria, and adverse outcomes. JAMA 2010;303:423-9.
[22]
22. Gansevoort RT, De Jong PE. The case for using albuminuria in staging chronic kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2009;20:465-8. [Pubmed]
[23]
23. Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis Consortium. Association of estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in general population cohorts: a collaborative meta-analysis. Lancet 2010;375:2073-81. [Pubmed]
[24]
24. Abdelhafiz AH, Brown SH, Bello A, El Nahas M. Chronic kidney disease in older people: physiology, pathology or both? Nephron Clin Pract 2010;116:19-24.
[25]
25. Brenner BM, Cooper ME, De Zeeuw D, Keane WF, Mitch WE, Parving HH, et al. Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy.
[26]
26. Ruggenenti P, Perna A, Gherardi G, Garini G, Zoccali C, Salvadori M, et al. Renoprotective properties of ACE-inhibition in non-diabetic nephropaties with non-nephrotic proteinuria. Lancet 1999;354:359-64. [Pubmed]
[27]
27. Ruggenenti P, Perna A, Gherardi G, Gaspari F, Benini R, Remuzzi G. Renal function and requirement for dialysis in chronic nephropathy patients on long-term ramipril: REIN follow-up trial. Gruppo Italiano di Studi Epidemiologici in Nefrologia (GISEN). Ramipril Efficacy in Nephropathy. Lancet 1998;352:1252-6.
[28]
28. The GISEN Group (Gruppo Italiano di Studi Epidemiologici in Nefrologia). Ramdomised placebo-controlled trial of effect of ramipril on decline in glomerular filtration rate and risk of terminal failure in proteinuric, non-diabetic nephropathy. Lancet 1997;349:1857-63. [Pubmed]
[29]
29. The ESCAPE trial group. Strict blood pressure control and progression of renal failure in children. N Engl J Med 2009;361:1639-50. [Pubmed]
[30]
30. Asselbergs FW, Diercks GF, Hillege HL, Van Boven AJ, Janssen WM, Voors AA, et al. Prevention of Renal and Vascular Endstage Disease Intervention Trial (PREVEND IT) Investigators. Effects of fosinopril and pravastatin on cardiovascular events in subjects with microalbuminuria. Circulation 2004;110:2809-16.
[31]
Atthobari J, Asselbergs FW, Boersma C, De Vries R, Hillege HL, Van Gilst WH, et al. PREVEND IT Study Group. Cost-effectiveness of screening for albuminuria with subsequent fosinopril treatment to prevent cardiovascular events: A pharmacoeconomic analysis linked to the prevention of renal and vacular endstage disease (PREVEND) study and the prevention of renal and vascular endstage disease (PREVEND) study and the rpevention of renal and vascular endstage disease intervention trial (PREVEND IT). Clin Ther 2006;28:432-44.
[32]
32. De Zeeuw D, Remuzzi G, Parving HH, Keane WF, Zhang Z, Shahinfar S, et al. Albuminuria: a therapeutic target for cardiovascular protection in type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Circulation 2004;110:921-7. [Pubmed]
[33]
33. Eijkelkamp WB, Zhang Z, Remuzzi G, et al. Albuminuria is a target for renoprotective therapy independent from blood pressure in type II diabetic patients with nephropathy. Post hoc analysis from the Reduction in End Points in NIDDM with the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan (RENAAL) trial. J Am Soc Nephrol 2007;18:1540-6. [Pubmed]
[34]
Muirhead N, Rene de Cotret P, Chiu A, Pichette V, Tobe, SMART (Supra Maximal Atacand Renal Trial) Investigators. Supramaximal dose of candesartan in proteinuric renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2009;20:893-900. [Pubmed]
[35]
35. Vogt L, Waanders F, Boomsma F, De Zeeuw D, Navis G. Effects of dietary sodium and hydrochlorothiazide on the antiproteinuric efficacy of losartan. J Am Soc Nephrol 2008;19:999-1007. [Pubmed]
[36]
36. Fried L. Are we ready to screen the general population for microalbuminuria? J Am Soc Nephrol 2009;20:686-8. [Pubmed]
[37]
37. El Nahas M. The global challenge of chronic kidney disease. (Nephrology Forum) Kidney Int 2005;68:2918-29.
[38]
38. Barsoum RS. Chronic Kidney disease in the developing world. N Engl J Med 2006;354:997-9. [Pubmed]
[39]
39. Levey AS, Schoolwerth AC, Burrows NR, Williams DE, Stith KR, McClellan W, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Expert Panel. Comprehensive public health strategies for preventing the development, progression, and complications of CKD: report of an expert panel convened by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Am J Kidney Dis 2009;53:522-35. [Pubmed]
[40]
40. James MT, Hemmelgarn BR, Tonelli M. Early recognition and prevention of CKD. Lancet 2010;379:1296-1309.
