Psychological predictors for health-related quality of life in patients on peritoneal dialysis

Varela, Laura; Varela, L.; Vázquez, Mª Isabel; Vázquez, M.I.; Bolaños, Luis; Bolaños, L.; Alonso, Rafael; Alonso, R.

doi:10.3265/Nefrologia.pre2010.Jun.10279

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Introduction: It is currently recognized the impact of different clinical and sociodemographics variables on the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (DP), albeit the influence of psychological variable has not been thoroughly studied. The objective of this study is to identify the psychological predictors of HRQL in patients under DP. Method: 53 patients on DP participated in the study (49.54 ± 17.03 years, 54.7% women) in whom HRQL was evaluated by the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form and it was obtained information related with psychological variables (depressive and anxious symptoms , alexithymia, health-related locus of control and coping strategies) besides socio-demographical and clinical variables. Results: Patients on DP presented a worse HRQL than general population, particularly in the physical dimension. The comorbility, the number of visits to urgency department, previous hospital admissions, serum albumin and previous treatment with hemodialysis showed a negative impact on several dimensions of HRQL, but depressive symptoms, alexithymia and particularly anxious symptoms were the main determinants of the variability of HRQL in DP patients. We did not obtain a significant relationship between HRQL and the locus of control or the coping strategies. Conclusions: Among patients undergoing DP, anxiety, depression and alexithymia are important determinants of HRQL and they should be considered both in the evaluation and the treatment of this population of patients.

Keywords:

Coping

Keywords:

Locus of control

Keywords:

Alexithymia

Keywords:

Peritoneal dialysis

Keywords:

Health-related quality of life

Keywords:

Anxiety

Keywords:

Depression

Introducción: Actualmente se reconoce el efecto de distintas variables clínicas y sociodemográficas en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) de los pacientes en diálisis peritoneal (DP), pero la influencia de los factores psicológicos no ha sido suficientemente explorada. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar los predictores psicológicos de la CVRS en pacientes en DP. Método: Participaron 53 pacientes en tratamiento en DP (49,54 ± 17,03 años, 54,7% mujeres) en los que se evaluó su CVRS mediante el Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form y se recogió información de variables psicológicas (síntomas depresivos y ansiosos, alexitimia, locus de control relacionado con la salud y estrategias de afrontamiento), así como de variables sociodemográficas y clínicas. Resultados: Los pacientes en DP presentaron peor CVRS que la población general, particularmente en las dimensiones físicas. La comorbilidad, el número de visitas a urgencias, las hospitalizaciones previas, la albúmina, y el tratamiento previo en HD mostraron un efecto negativo en algunas dimensiones de la CVRS, pero los síntomas depresivos, la alexitimia y particularmente los síntomas ansiosos fueron los principales determinantes de la variabilidad en la CVRS de los pacientes en DP. No se encontraron relaciones significativas entre la CVRS y el locus de control o las estrategias de afrontamiento. Conclusiones: En los pacientes en DP, la ansiedad, la depresión y la alexitimia son importantes determinantes de la CVRS, por lo que deberían ser consideradas tanto en la evaluación como en el tratamiento de esta población de enfermos.

Palabras clave:

Afrontamiento

Palabras clave:

Locus de control

Palabras clave:

Alexitimia

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Diálisis peritoneal

Palabras clave:

Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud

Palabras clave:

Ansiedad

Palabras clave:

Depresión

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