Letters to the Editor – Brief Case Reports
Grover's disease in chronic kidney failure
Enfermedad de Grover en fracaso renal crónico
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"apellidos" => "Vilas-Sueiro" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Daniel" "apellidos" => "González-Vilas" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Cristina" "apellidos" => "Durana" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Dermatología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ferrol, Ferrol, A Coruña, Spain" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ferrol, Ferrol, A Coruña, Spain" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Corresponding author</span>." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Enfermedad de Grover en fracaso renal crónico" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 732 "Ancho" => 1950 "Tamanyo" => 312144 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">(a) Aspect of the skin lesions: non-confluent brownish keratotic papules. (b) Areas of focal acantholysis with dyskeratosis (H&E, 200×).</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patients with chronic renal failure may present multiple cutaneous manifestations such as pruritus, xerosis, cutaneous pigmentation, metastatic calcinosis cutis, calciphylaxis, pseudoporphyria and late cutaneous porphyria. Grover's disease (GD) must also be included in the differential diagnosis of cutaneous lesions in these patients.</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We are presenting a case of a 69-year-old woman who presented with one and a half moth of cutaneous lesions in the back with moderate itching. She had no personal or family history of skin pathology. She had been receiving haemodialysis for five months due to Good pasture syndrome induced rapidly progressive renal failure. During the previous months, she had been treated with plasmapheresis, IV cyclophosphamide and IV methylprednisolone. At the time of consultation, her treatment included prednisone 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/day, calcitriol 0.25<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/day, omeprazol 20<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/day, enoxaparin sodium 20<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>days/week and darbepoetin alfa 30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mcg weekly. Physical examination shows non-confluent papular erythematous lesions with keratotic surface, located in the back (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>a). She did not have lesions on palms or soles, back of the hands or the oral mucosa. She did not have a facial or scalp lesions either. Microscopic evaluation showed areas of hyperkeratosis with parakeratosis, acanthosis and focal acantholysis with presence of round and granular lesions (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>b). Taking into account the almost asymptomatic character of the lesions, the patient preferred to adopt an expectant attitude. Three months later, the lesions disappeared spontaneously. The absence of a previous family history, the onset at an adult age, and the spontaneous resolution of the symptoms led to the diagnosis of GD.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Discussion</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">GD, also known as persistent or transient acantholytic dermatosis, is a rare condition characterised by the presence of small papules and papulo-vesicles, of the same color as normal skin or erythematous and pruritic, which usually affect the back. The disease is usually transient and resolves spontaneously within weeks. In some cases, lesions may be recurrent or persist throughout years. The histological changes are characterized by focal acantholysis and dyskeratosis. Four histological patterns have been identified: Darier type, Haley–Haley type, pemphigus and spongiotic type.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The aetiology of GD is unknown. Fever or prolonged bed rest, sweating or excessive heat, exposure to UV radiation, treatment with ionizing radiations, xerosis, some drugs, chronic renal failure and immunosuppression have been associated with this disease.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To date, including our case, there has been twelve cases published of GD associated tochronic renal failure (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3–10</span></a> The mean age has been 57 years and, except for two cases, all of them were men. The normal presentation was keratotic, pruritic papules located in the back. In three cases, the lesions were asymptomatic.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4,6</span></a> The head was affected in four patients<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3–5,9</span></a> and in one of them it was the only location.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> The cause of renal failure was variable. In eleven cases the lesions appeared when the patient on regular haemodialysis (7 cases) or peritoneal dialysis (3 cases) and in one case the disease manifested itself after kidney transplant. The mean time from the beginning of dialysis until the appearance of the lesions varied from months to eight and a half years. The most frequent histopathological pattern was the Darier type. Evolution was variable and there is a poor response to the treatment. In seven cases the lesions were transient and in five persisted. Among patients with transient lesions, in three cases resolved spontaneously,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4,7</span></a> in one after treatment,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> in two cases the lesions reoccur after kidney transplant<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4,8</span></a> and in one patient they resolved after changing the dialysis solution.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a></p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Although the reason why GD appears in patients with chronic renal failure is unknown, it has been stated that the decrease in sweat secretion, cutaneous xerosis and the obstruction of sweat ducts may act as triggering factors. In our patient, the treatment with cyclophosphamide and methyl prednisolone previously administered in order to treat her kidney disease could also have played a role in the development of the lesions. The association of GD with other states of immunosuppression,, such as HIV infection, bone marrow transplant, and several haematological and non-haematological malignancies has been described.</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">With respect to treatment, in the mildest cases, an expectant attitude can be adopted since the disease usually resolves spontaneously. Sun exposure and other triggering factors such as physical exercise and heat should be avoided. If treatment is necessary, corticosteroids, calcipotriol, or calcineurin inhibitors may be used topically as the first-line of drugs. Antihistamines should be used to reduce symptoms. For refractory cases, corticosteroids, oral retinoids and phototherapy can been used.</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">GD should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis of the cutaneous lesions in patients with chronic renal failure, specifically in those patients on haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 1 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Rodríguez-Pazos L, Vilas-Sueiro A, González-Vilas D, Durana C. Enfermedad de Grover en fracaso renal crónico. Nefrologia. 2015;35:331–334.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 732 "Ancho" => 1950 "Tamanyo" => 312144 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">(a) Aspect of the skin lesions: non-confluent brownish keratotic papules. (b) Areas of focal acantholysis with dyskeratosis (H&E, 200×).</p>" ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Cases \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Age \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Gender \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Renal disease \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Type of dialysis \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Time since dialysis \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Clinical symptoms \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Location \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Pruritus \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Histological pattern \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Progress \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Chua and Giam,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> 1997 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">53 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">M \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Chronic GN \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Haemodialysis \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">8.5 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Papules \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Retroarticular and neck \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Y \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Darier \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Persistent \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Casanova et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> 1999 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">39 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">M \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Chronic GN \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Haemodialysis \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">3 months \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Keratotic papules \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Face and torso \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Y \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Darier \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Persistent \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Casanova et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> 1999 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">75 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">M \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Hypertensive nephropathy \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Haemodialysis \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">6 months \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Keratotic papules \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Torso and extremities \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">N \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Darier \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Persistent \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Casanova et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> 1999 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">35 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">M \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Chronic pyelonephritis \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Haemodialysis \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">13 months \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Keratotic papules and papulovesicles \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Torso \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Y \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Spongiotic \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Resolution after transplant \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Casanova et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> 1999 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">44 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">M \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Chronic GN \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Haemodialysis \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">2 months \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Keratotic papules \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Torso \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">N \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Darier \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Spontaneous resolution \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Wong and Chua,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> 2000 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">70 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">M \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">NS \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Peritoneal dialysis \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">6 months \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">NS \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Torso and head \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Y \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Darier \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Persistent \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Pastor et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> 2003 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">69 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">M \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Urothelial carcinoma (nephrectomy) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Haemodialysis \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">2 months \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Keratotic papules \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Torso and extremities \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">N \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Darier \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Persistent \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Boutli et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> 2006 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">58 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">M \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Membranous GN \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">None (transplanted) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">– \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Papules \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Torso \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Y \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Darier \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Spontaneous resolution \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">González-Sixto et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> 2007 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">62 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">M \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Chronic GN \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Peritoneal dialysis \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">32 months \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Papules \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Torso \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Y \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Darier \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Resolution after transplant \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Bassi et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> 2012 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">43 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">F \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Membranoproliferative GN \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Haemodialysis \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">NS \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Keratotic papules \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Torso, extremities and scalp \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Y \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Darier \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Resolution with treatment \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">11 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Jatem et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> 2013 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">68 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">M \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Polycystic kidney \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Peritoneal dialysis \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">6 months \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Maculo-papules \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Torso and extremities \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Y \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Darier \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Resolution upon substituting dialysis solution \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">12 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Our case \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">69 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">F \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Rapidly progressive GN \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Haemodialysis \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5 months \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Keratotic papules \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Torso \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Y \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Darier \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Spontaneous resolution \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab942066.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Grover cases of chronic renal failure disease reported in literature.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:10 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0055" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Grover disease: a reappraisal of histopathological diagnostic criteria in 120 cases" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M.T. 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| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 13 | 7 | 20 |
| 2024 October | 107 | 51 | 158 |
| 2024 September | 115 | 44 | 159 |
| 2024 August | 156 | 79 | 235 |
| 2024 July | 78 | 32 | 110 |
| 2024 June | 93 | 46 | 139 |
| 2024 May | 98 | 40 | 138 |
| 2024 April | 87 | 31 | 118 |
| 2024 March | 103 | 34 | 137 |
| 2024 February | 98 | 50 | 148 |
| 2024 January | 87 | 43 | 130 |
| 2023 December | 90 | 42 | 132 |
| 2023 November | 68 | 38 | 106 |
| 2023 October | 97 | 48 | 145 |
| 2023 September | 84 | 33 | 117 |
| 2023 August | 110 | 28 | 138 |
| 2023 July | 115 | 39 | 154 |
| 2023 June | 90 | 41 | 131 |
| 2023 May | 111 | 52 | 163 |
| 2023 April | 118 | 25 | 143 |
| 2023 March | 115 | 23 | 138 |
| 2023 February | 91 | 29 | 120 |
| 2023 January | 96 | 34 | 130 |
| 2022 December | 117 | 32 | 149 |
| 2022 November | 102 | 39 | 141 |
| 2022 October | 74 | 49 | 123 |
| 2022 September | 95 | 37 | 132 |
| 2022 August | 82 | 53 | 135 |
| 2022 July | 73 | 49 | 122 |
| 2022 June | 69 | 43 | 112 |
| 2022 May | 98 | 36 | 134 |
| 2022 April | 147 | 68 | 215 |
| 2022 March | 152 | 88 | 240 |
| 2022 February | 140 | 76 | 216 |
| 2022 January | 109 | 67 | 176 |
| 2021 December | 87 | 52 | 139 |
| 2021 November | 68 | 49 | 117 |
| 2021 October | 86 | 64 | 150 |
| 2021 September | 85 | 44 | 129 |
| 2021 August | 86 | 47 | 133 |
| 2021 July | 100 | 36 | 136 |
| 2021 June | 54 | 48 | 102 |
| 2021 May | 95 | 50 | 145 |
| 2021 April | 150 | 93 | 243 |
| 2021 March | 147 | 63 | 210 |
| 2021 February | 122 | 64 | 186 |
| 2021 January | 84 | 45 | 129 |
| 2020 December | 77 | 41 | 118 |
| 2020 November | 68 | 34 | 102 |
| 2020 October | 56 | 41 | 97 |
| 2020 September | 56 | 43 | 99 |
| 2020 August | 70 | 32 | 102 |
| 2020 July | 83 | 32 | 115 |
| 2020 June | 81 | 40 | 121 |
| 2020 May | 98 | 37 | 135 |
| 2020 April | 88 | 58 | 146 |
| 2020 March | 91 | 83 | 174 |
| 2020 February | 87 | 83 | 170 |
| 2020 January | 84 | 47 | 131 |
| 2019 December | 99 | 67 | 166 |
| 2019 November | 82 | 35 | 117 |
| 2019 October | 56 | 35 | 91 |
| 2019 September | 76 | 37 | 113 |
| 2019 August | 46 | 30 | 76 |
| 2019 July | 62 | 28 | 90 |
| 2019 June | 60 | 19 | 79 |
| 2019 May | 62 | 19 | 81 |
| 2019 April | 127 | 50 | 177 |
| 2019 March | 81 | 21 | 102 |
| 2019 February | 60 | 25 | 85 |
| 2019 January | 134 | 23 | 157 |
| 2018 December | 235 | 40 | 275 |
| 2018 November | 217 | 26 | 243 |
| 2018 October | 200 | 21 | 221 |
| 2018 September | 107 | 10 | 117 |
| 2018 August | 75 | 8 | 83 |
| 2018 July | 47 | 12 | 59 |
| 2018 June | 58 | 8 | 66 |
| 2018 May | 93 | 9 | 102 |
| 2018 April | 93 | 8 | 101 |
| 2018 March | 85 | 4 | 89 |
| 2018 February | 127 | 9 | 136 |
| 2018 January | 60 | 7 | 67 |
| 2017 December | 87 | 10 | 97 |
| 2017 November | 63 | 8 | 71 |
| 2017 October | 79 | 8 | 87 |
| 2017 September | 69 | 8 | 77 |
| 2017 August | 53 | 9 | 62 |
| 2017 July | 94 | 21 | 115 |
| 2017 June | 99 | 16 | 115 |
| 2017 May | 86 | 9 | 95 |
| 2017 April | 87 | 10 | 97 |
| 2017 March | 75 | 8 | 83 |
| 2017 February | 78 | 9 | 87 |
| 2017 January | 44 | 6 | 50 |
| 2016 December | 75 | 5 | 80 |
| 2016 November | 108 | 15 | 123 |
| 2016 October | 154 | 13 | 167 |
| 2016 September | 196 | 4 | 200 |
| 2016 August | 231 | 3 | 234 |
| 2016 July | 199 | 5 | 204 |
| 2016 June | 159 | 0 | 159 |
| 2016 May | 162 | 0 | 162 |
| 2016 April | 144 | 0 | 144 |
| 2016 March | 120 | 0 | 120 |
| 2016 February | 156 | 0 | 156 |
| 2016 January | 104 | 0 | 104 |
| 2015 December | 121 | 0 | 121 |
| 2015 November | 143 | 0 | 143 |
| 2015 October | 152 | 0 | 152 |
| 2015 September | 159 | 0 | 159 |
| 2015 August | 131 | 0 | 131 |
| 2015 July | 11 | 0 | 11 |
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