Journal Information
Vol. 31. Issue. 1.January 2011
Pages 1-128
Vol. 31. Issue. 1.January 2011
Pages 1-128
Full text access
Calidad de vida en la enfermedad renal crónica
Quality of life in chronic kidney disease
Visits
14393
, M.. Fructuosob, R.. Castrob, L.. Oliveirab, C.. Pratab, T.. Morgadob
b Nephrology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro EPE, Vila Real, Portugal,
This item has received
Article information

Antecedentes: La evaluación de la calidad de vida (CV) relacionada con la salud en la enfermedad renal crónica pretende cuantificar sus consecuencias en función de la percepción subjetiva del paciente. Objetivo: Evaluar la CV relacionada con la salud en cuatro grupos de pacientes controlados en nuestro Servicio de Nefrología: pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica (ERC) en fases 1 - 4, trasplante renal (TR), hemodiálisis (HD) y diálisis peritoneal (DP). Pacientes y métodos: De forma aleatoria se incluyeron 30 pacientes con ERC en fases 1 – 4 y 30 trasplantados renales. También se incluyeron todos aquellos pacientes de nuestras Unidades de Hemodiálisis y Diálisis Peritoneal que eran capaces de responder los cuestionarios (37 y 14, respectivamente). Los cuestionarios que se utilizaron fueron el SF-36 y el KDQOL-SF 1.3. Resultados: Los cuatro grupos obtuvieron mejores resultados en la dimensión "Función social" (77,68 ± 18,46 en DP; 74,17 ± 29,53 en TR; 66,81 ± 31,39 en ERC 1-4; 62,16 ± 32,84 en HD; p = 0,192). Las puntuaciones más bajas se obtuvieron en la dimensión "Salud general" (39,92 ± 19,12 en IRC; 45,95 ± 21,56 en HD; 47,13 ± 23,15 en TR; 51,79 ± 18,89 en DP; p = 0,321). Los pacientes con diálisis peritoneal presentaron los mejores resultados en cuanto a la Salud Física, sin que la diferencia se mantuviese tras la corrección de los factores de confusión. La edad, el sexo y la concentración de hemoglobina fueron las variables que se asociaron con la CV. Sin embargo, los pacientes con DP obtuvieron mejores puntuaciones que los pacientes con HD en las siguientes dimensiones del KDQOL-SF: "Efectos de la enfermedad renal", "Carga de la enfermedad renal" y "Satisfacción del paciente" (p < 0,05). Conclusiones: La CV relacionada con la salud medida mediante dimensiones específicas de la enfermedad renal crónica fue mejor en pacientes con diálisis peritoneal que en pacientes con hemodiálisis. La edad, el sexo y la concentración de hemoglobina afectan la CV relacionada con la salud.

Palabras clave:
Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud
Palabras clave:
Enfermedad renal

Background: The evaluation of health-related quality of life (QOL) in chronic kidney disease intends to quantify its consequences, according to the patient’s subjective perception. Aim: To evaluate the health-related QOL in four groups of patients followed at our Nephrology Department: chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 1-4, kidney transplant (KT), haemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Patients and Methods: Thirty patients with CKD stages 1-4 and 30 KT patients were randomly selected. All patients from our Haemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Units with capacity to answer the inquiry (37 and 14, respectively) were also selected. The instruments applied were the SF-36 and KDQOL-SF 1.3. Results: The four groups presented better results in the «Social Functioning» scale (77.68 ± 18.46 in PD; 74.17 ± 29.53 in KT; 66.81 ± 31.39 in CKD 1-4; 62.16 ± 32.84 in HD; p = 0.192). The lowest results appeared in the «General Health» scale (39.92 ± 19.12 in CKD; 45.95 ± 21.56 in HD; 47.13 ± 23.15 in KT; 51.79 ± 18.89 in PD; p = 0.321). Peritoneal dialysis patients achieved the best results in the Physical Health Component, but this difference disappeared after adjustment to confounding factors. Age, gender and haemoglobin level were the variables related with QOL. However, PD patients obtained better scores comparing to HD patients in the following KDQOL-SF scales: «Effects of kidney disease», «Burden of kidney disease» and «Patient satisfaction» (p <0.05). Conclusions: Health-related QOL was better in peritoneal dialysis patients comparing to haemodialysis patients in specific scales of chronic kidney disease. Age, gender and haemoglobin level interfered with health-related QOL.

Keywords:
Health-related quality of life
Keywords:
Kidney disease
Bibliografía
[1]
Sanjeev KM, Lori A, Edith F, John KM, Steven F. Self-assessed physical and mental function of haemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001;16:1387-94. [Pubmed]
[2]
Shieley JC, Bayliss MS, Keller SD, et al. SF-36 Health Survey annoted bibliography (1st ed). Boston MA: The Health Institute, New England Medical Center, 1997.
[3]
Ferreira P. Criação da Versão Portuguesa do MOS SF-36, Parte II. Testes de Validação. Acta Medica Portuguesa 2000;13:119-27. [Pubmed]
[4]
Ferreira P. Criação da Versão Portuguesa do MOS SF-36, Parte I. Adaptação Cultural e Linguística. Acta Medica Portuguesa 2000;13:55-66. [Pubmed]
[5]
Severo M, Santos AC, Lopes C, Barros H. Fiabilidade e Validade dos conceitos teóricos das dimensões de saúde física e mental da versão portuguesa do MOS SF-36. Acta Medica Portuguesa 2006;19:281-8.
[6]
Kusumota L. Evaluation of Health-Related Quality of Life in hemodialysis patients, Doctoral Dissertation. University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, 2005.
[7]
Ware JE, Kosinki M, Keller SD. SF-36 physical and mental health summary scales: a user¿s manual (4th printing, revised). Boston, MA: Health Institute, 1994.
[8]
Ware JE, Kosinki M , Bayliss MS, Mchorney CA, Rogers WH, Raczek A. Comparison of methods for the scoring and statistical analysis of SF-36 health profile and summary measures: summary of results from the Medical Outcome Study. Med Care 1995;33:AS264-AS279. [Pubmed]
[9]
Kurtin PS, Davies AR, Meyers KB, DeGiacomo JM, Kantz ME. Patients-based health status measures in out-patient dialysis: early experiences in developing an outcome assessment program. Med Care 1992;30:MS136-MS149. [Pubmed]
[10]
Wilson IB, Cleary PD. Linking clinical variables with health-related quality of life: a conceptual model of patients outcomes. JAMA 1995;273:59-65. [Pubmed]
[11]
Khan IH, Garratt AM, Kumar A, et al. Patient¿s perception of health on renal replacement therapy: evaluation using a new instrument. Nephrol Dial Transpl 1995;10:684-9.
[12]
Kimmel PL, Peterson RA, Wheis LK, et al. Behavioral compliance in hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 1995;5:1826-34.  [Pubmed]
[13]
Merkus MP, Jager KJ, Dekker FW, Boeschoten EW, Stevens P, Krediet RT, NECOSAD Study Group. Quality of life in patients on chronic dialysis: self-assessment 3 months after the start of treatment. Am J Kid Dis 1997;29:584-92. [Pubmed]
[14]
DeOreo PB. Hemodialysis patient-assessed functional health status predicts continued survival, hospitalization and dialysis-attendance compliance. Am J Kid Dis 1997;30:204-12. [Pubmed]
[15]
Auer J, Gokal R, Stout JP, et al. The Oxford/Manchester Study of dialysis patients. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1990;131:31-7.
[16]
Tarlov AR, Ware JE, Greenfield S, Nelson EC, Perrin E, Zubkoff M. The medical outcome study: an application of methods for monitoring the results of medical care. JAMA 1989;262:907-13. [Pubmed]
[17]
Hayes RD, Wells KB, Sherbourne CD, Rogers W, Spritzer K. Functional and well-being outcomes of patients with depression compared with chronic general medical illness. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1995;52:11-9. [Pubmed]
[18]
Evans RW, Manninen DL, Garrison PL, et al. The quality of life of patients with end stage renal disease. N Engl J Med 312;553-9. [Pubmed]
[19]
Kutner NG, Brogan D, Kutner MH. End stage renal disease treatment modality and patient¿s quality of life. Am J Nephrol 1986;6:396-402. [Pubmed]
[20]
Fox E, Peace K, Neale TJ, Morrison RBI, Hatfield PJ, Mellsop G. Quality of life for patients with end-stage renal failure. Renal Failure 1991;13:31-5. [Pubmed]
[21]
Wolcott DL, Nissenson AR. Quality of life in chronic dialysis patients: a critical comparison of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and hemodialysis. Am J Kid Dis 1988;11:402-12. [Pubmed]
Idiomas
Nefrología (English Edition)
Article options
Tools
es en

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?