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the Department of Rheumatology decided to start treatment with 60mg denosumab&#46; She received treatment with 2&#46;4g&#47;12 hours sevelamer&#44; 0&#46;50mg Rocaltrol<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#174;</span>&#58; 5 tablets&#47;week&#44; 1 tablet&#47;8 hours Mastical<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#174;</span>&#44; 266&#956;g&#47;15 days calcifediol&#44; antihypertensive drugs and painkillers&#46; The analytical data were&#58; urea 205mg&#47;dl&#44; creatinine 5&#46;95mg&#47;dl&#44; calcium 8&#46;8mg&#47;dl&#44; albumin 3&#46;8g&#47;dl&#44; intact parathyroid hormone 581pg&#47;ml&#44; 25-OH vitamin D 9&#46;2ng&#47;ml&#44; alkaline phosphatase 221U&#47;l&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara">One week after the drug was administered&#44; we detected hypocalcaemia &#40;6&#46;7mg&#47;dl corrected calcium&#41; in a routine clinic blood test&#46; The patient was asymptomatic and because of significant history of poor adherence to treatment&#44; she was urged to adhere to treatment as prescribed&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara">Two weeks later&#44; the patient came to the Emergency department with general weakness&#44; dizziness&#44; tremors and nausea&#46; Corrected calcium of 5&#46;2mg&#47;dl was detected&#46; Physical examination revealed no signs of hypocalcaemia &#40;Trousseau or Chvostek&#41; or peribuccal paresthesia&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara">It was decided to admit the patient for intravenous treatment&#44; which yielded good clinical and laboratory results&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara">Bisphosphonates are commonly used to reduce bone loss but they are mainly eliminated through the kidney&#44; and as such&#44; their use is not recommended in patients with severe RF&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> Denosumab significantly reduces the risk of fractures<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span> and it has been shown to increase bone mineral density and reduce resorption markers&#46; Furthermore&#44; preclinical studies have revealed that&#44; unlike bisphosphonate&#44; it is not nephrotoxic at levels of 100&#956;mol&#47;l<span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span> and is independent of the degree of RF&#44; since its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile does not vary significantly according to the degree of renal function&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></p><p class="elsevierStylePara">It has been hypothesised that patients with CKD and bone disease due to hyperparathyroidism may be at greater risk of hypocalcaemia with denosumab&#44; since their serum calcium levels will depend to a greater extent on bone resorption mediated by the parathyroid hormone&#46; As such&#44; inhibition of osteoclast activity following administration of the first dose of denosumab could lead to a syndrome similar to hungry bone&#44; with the rapid decrease in serum calcium levels due to its uptake by bone&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span> At this time&#44; calcium and vitamin D supplements are required&#44; until the formation of osteoclasts leads to proper mineralisation&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara">In a study<span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span> conducted on 46 patients with varying degrees of RF&#44; pain in limbs and hypocalcaemia were observed as the most common adverse effects&#46; The latter appeared in 15&#37; of participants&#44; with only two patients requiring hospitalisation for intravenous treatment and in only one&#44; hypocalcaemia was symptomatic&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara">The use of denosumab in patients with CRF is convenient&#44; as it requires no dose adjustment and it is not nephrotoxic&#59; as such&#44; its use is expected to increase&#46; In this group of patients&#44; we should administer appropriate calcium and vitamin D supplements before beginning treatment with denosumab&#44; in addition to monitoring these parameters in the laboratory after treatment begins&#44; since a non-negligible number of patients will develop hypocalcaemia&#44; which will be asymptomatic in the majority of cases&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara">&#160;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Conflicts of interest</span></p><p class="elsevierStylePara">&#160;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara">The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest related to the contents of this article&#46;</p>"
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Severe hypocalcaemia post-denosumab
Hipocalcemia severa posdenosumab
Isabel M. Martín-Baeza, Raquel Blanco-Garcíaa, Mario Alonso-Suáreza, Cynthia Cossio-Aranibara, Laura V. Beato-Cooa, Francisco Fernández-Fleminga
a Servicio de Nefrología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Pontevedra,
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the Department of Rheumatology decided to start treatment with 60mg denosumab&#46; She received treatment with 2&#46;4g&#47;12 hours sevelamer&#44; 0&#46;50mg Rocaltrol<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#174;</span>&#58; 5 tablets&#47;week&#44; 1 tablet&#47;8 hours Mastical<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#174;</span>&#44; 266&#956;g&#47;15 days calcifediol&#44; antihypertensive drugs and painkillers&#46; The analytical data were&#58; urea 205mg&#47;dl&#44; creatinine 5&#46;95mg&#47;dl&#44; calcium 8&#46;8mg&#47;dl&#44; albumin 3&#46;8g&#47;dl&#44; intact parathyroid hormone 581pg&#47;ml&#44; 25-OH vitamin D 9&#46;2ng&#47;ml&#44; alkaline phosphatase 221U&#47;l&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara">One week after the drug was administered&#44; we detected hypocalcaemia &#40;6&#46;7mg&#47;dl corrected calcium&#41; in a routine clinic blood test&#46; The patient was asymptomatic and because of significant history of poor adherence to treatment&#44; she was urged to adhere to treatment as prescribed&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara">Two weeks later&#44; the patient came to the Emergency department with general weakness&#44; dizziness&#44; tremors and nausea&#46; Corrected calcium of 5&#46;2mg&#47;dl was detected&#46; Physical examination revealed no signs of hypocalcaemia &#40;Trousseau or Chvostek&#41; or peribuccal paresthesia&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara">It was decided to admit the patient for intravenous treatment&#44; which yielded good clinical and laboratory results&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara">Bisphosphonates are commonly used to reduce bone loss but they are mainly eliminated through the kidney&#44; and as such&#44; their use is not recommended in patients with severe RF&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> Denosumab significantly reduces the risk of fractures<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span> and it has been shown to increase bone mineral density and reduce resorption markers&#46; Furthermore&#44; preclinical studies have revealed that&#44; unlike bisphosphonate&#44; it is not nephrotoxic at levels of 100&#956;mol&#47;l<span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span> and is independent of the degree of RF&#44; since its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile does not vary significantly according to the degree of renal function&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></p><p class="elsevierStylePara">It has been hypothesised that patients with CKD and bone disease due to hyperparathyroidism may be at greater risk of hypocalcaemia with denosumab&#44; since their serum calcium levels will depend to a greater extent on bone resorption mediated by the parathyroid hormone&#46; As such&#44; inhibition of osteoclast activity following administration of the first dose of denosumab could lead to a syndrome similar to hungry bone&#44; with the rapid decrease in serum calcium levels due to its uptake by bone&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span> At this time&#44; calcium and vitamin D supplements are required&#44; until the formation of osteoclasts leads to proper mineralisation&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara">In a study<span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span> conducted on 46 patients with varying degrees of RF&#44; pain in limbs and hypocalcaemia were observed as the most common adverse effects&#46; The latter appeared in 15&#37; of participants&#44; with only two patients requiring hospitalisation for intravenous treatment and in only one&#44; hypocalcaemia was symptomatic&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara">The use of denosumab in patients with CRF is convenient&#44; as it requires no dose adjustment and it is not nephrotoxic&#59; as such&#44; its use is expected to increase&#46; In this group of patients&#44; we should administer appropriate calcium and vitamin D supplements before beginning treatment with denosumab&#44; in addition to monitoring these parameters in the laboratory after treatment begins&#44; since a non-negligible number of patients will develop hypocalcaemia&#44; which will be asymptomatic in the majority of cases&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara">&#160;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Conflicts of interest</span></p><p class="elsevierStylePara">&#160;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara">The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest related to the contents of this article&#46;</p>"
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Article information
ISSN: 20132514
Original language: English
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