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    "textoCompleto" => "<p class="elsevierStylePara">Dear Editor&#44;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara">Sirolimus is the foremost proliferation signal inhibitor &#40;PSI&#41; used in medicine to prevent acute rejection in solid organ transplants&#46; Among the main advantages of this drug is its very low nephrotoxicity and above all&#44; its antitumour action&#44; especially in transplanted patients that develop Kaposi&#191;s sarcoma&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span> However&#44; one of its most serious side effects is interstitial pneumonitis&#44; which in most cases leads to the suspension of treatment with this drug&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></p><p class="elsevierStylePara">We would like to describe the case of a 64-year-old woman who underwent a transplant for the first time in September 1992 and experienced early graft loss because of acute vascular rejection&#46; She received a second kidney transplant in December 2000 and was treated with daclizumab&#44; steroids&#44; mycophenolate and tacrolimus&#46; In the third month following the transplant&#44; mycophenolate treatment was suspended definitively because of leukopenia&#46; In June 2003 she developed Kaposi&#191;s sarcoma which did not respond to a reduction in the tacrolimus dose&#46; Therefore&#44; in November 2003 tacrolimus was substituted by sirolimus and excellent progress was made before the patient fully recovered in a short period of time&#46; With regard to the patient&#191;s recovery from Kaposi&#191;s sarcoma&#44; this is something that had been described previously in a study on a series of patients from different hospitals in Spain&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></p><p class="elsevierStylePara">She remained asymptomatic and with stable kidney function &#40;CRP 1&#46;2-1&#46;3mg&#47;dl&#41; until July 2008&#46; From that moment onwards she made several visits to the Emergency Departments complaining of dyspnoea&#46; The chest x-ray repeatedly showed parenchymatous infiltrates in the middle and lower lobes on both sides of the chest&#46; Although there were no significant findings in the echocardiogram &#40;mild LVH and preserved ejection fraction&#41;&#44; a diagnosis of heart failure was made and diuretic treatment was indicated&#46; In September 2008&#44; when she was checked in a transplant clinic and no clinical or radiological improvements were observed&#44; interstitial pneumonitis was suspected and further tests were carried out&#58; 1&#41; full blood count and biochemistry did not indicate any relevant abnormalities&#59; 2&#41; sirolimus levels&#58; 7ng&#47;ml&#59; 3&#41; arterial gases at baseline&#58; pH&#58; 7&#44; 44&#44; pCO2&#58; 35&#44; pO2&#58; 73&#44; SatO2&#58; 95&#37;&#59; 4&#41; Chest CAT scan&#58; bilateral peripheral pulmonary infiltrates&#44; with ground glass opacity in some areas and a reticular pattern in others&#44; no adenopathies&#59; 5&#41; respiratory function tests&#58; mild restrictive ventilatory pattern and moderately affected difussion capacity&#59; 6&#41; immunological study &#40;ANA&#44; ANCA&#44; CRP&#44; rheumatoid factor&#44; complement&#44; immunoglobulins&#41;&#58; normal&#59; 7&#41; angiotensin-converting enzyme&#58; 32U&#47;L &#40;normal&#41;&#59; 8&#41; testing for common and atypical infections&#44; including pneumocystis&#44; using the induced sputum technique&#58; negative&#46; In light of these findings&#44; once we had ruled out infectious and autoimmune causes&#44; we made the diagnosis of interstitial pneumonitis caused by sirolimus&#46; Given the seriousness of the symptoms that prompted the change to sirolimus &#40;Kaposi&#191;s sarcoma&#41;&#44; we decided to switch to a different PSI&#44; everolimus&#46; The response to the new treatment was fast and very positive&#44; the patient made a full recovery and the chest x-ray and respiratory function tests were normal within a period of a few weeks&#46; The patient remained asymptomatic with everolimus levels at around 7ng&#47;ml&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara">Interstitial pneumonitis caused by sirolimus is characterised by allergy-like symptoms and its incidence is relatively significant &#40;4-14&#37; according to some series&#41;&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> This has also been observed with the use of everolimus although it seems to be less common&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span> Until now&#44; seven cases of recovery from pneumonitis caused by sirolimus after switching to everolimus have been reported&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;5</span> The progress made in all cases has been satisfactory&#44; except for in one case where symptoms recurred&#46; The lower pulmonary toxicity seems to be due to the fact that everolimus is more hydrophilic because it differs from sirolimus by one hydroxyl group&#46; Therefore&#44; although the mechanism of action is the same&#44; sirolimus and everolimus may have slightly different side effects&#46; Therefore&#44; the switch from sirolimus to everolimus may lead to recovery in cases of interstitial pneumonitis&#44; especially for those patients who still require PSI treatment like the one described&#46; <br></br></p>"
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Pneumonitis caused by sirolimus: improvement after switching to everolimus
Neumonitis por sirolimus: resolución tras conversión a everolimus
Auxiliadora Mazuecos Blancaa, L.. Callea, C.. Tejadaa, C.. Lanchoa
a Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cádiz, Cádiz, España,
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    "textoCompleto" => "<p class="elsevierStylePara">Dear Editor&#44;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara">Sirolimus is the foremost proliferation signal inhibitor &#40;PSI&#41; used in medicine to prevent acute rejection in solid organ transplants&#46; Among the main advantages of this drug is its very low nephrotoxicity and above all&#44; its antitumour action&#44; especially in transplanted patients that develop Kaposi&#191;s sarcoma&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span> However&#44; one of its most serious side effects is interstitial pneumonitis&#44; which in most cases leads to the suspension of treatment with this drug&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></p><p class="elsevierStylePara">We would like to describe the case of a 64-year-old woman who underwent a transplant for the first time in September 1992 and experienced early graft loss because of acute vascular rejection&#46; She received a second kidney transplant in December 2000 and was treated with daclizumab&#44; steroids&#44; mycophenolate and tacrolimus&#46; In the third month following the transplant&#44; mycophenolate treatment was suspended definitively because of leukopenia&#46; In June 2003 she developed Kaposi&#191;s sarcoma which did not respond to a reduction in the tacrolimus dose&#46; Therefore&#44; in November 2003 tacrolimus was substituted by sirolimus and excellent progress was made before the patient fully recovered in a short period of time&#46; With regard to the patient&#191;s recovery from Kaposi&#191;s sarcoma&#44; this is something that had been described previously in a study on a series of patients from different hospitals in Spain&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></p><p class="elsevierStylePara">She remained asymptomatic and with stable kidney function &#40;CRP 1&#46;2-1&#46;3mg&#47;dl&#41; until July 2008&#46; From that moment onwards she made several visits to the Emergency Departments complaining of dyspnoea&#46; The chest x-ray repeatedly showed parenchymatous infiltrates in the middle and lower lobes on both sides of the chest&#46; Although there were no significant findings in the echocardiogram &#40;mild LVH and preserved ejection fraction&#41;&#44; a diagnosis of heart failure was made and diuretic treatment was indicated&#46; In September 2008&#44; when she was checked in a transplant clinic and no clinical or radiological improvements were observed&#44; interstitial pneumonitis was suspected and further tests were carried out&#58; 1&#41; full blood count and biochemistry did not indicate any relevant abnormalities&#59; 2&#41; sirolimus levels&#58; 7ng&#47;ml&#59; 3&#41; arterial gases at baseline&#58; pH&#58; 7&#44; 44&#44; pCO2&#58; 35&#44; pO2&#58; 73&#44; SatO2&#58; 95&#37;&#59; 4&#41; Chest CAT scan&#58; bilateral peripheral pulmonary infiltrates&#44; with ground glass opacity in some areas and a reticular pattern in others&#44; no adenopathies&#59; 5&#41; respiratory function tests&#58; mild restrictive ventilatory pattern and moderately affected difussion capacity&#59; 6&#41; immunological study &#40;ANA&#44; ANCA&#44; CRP&#44; rheumatoid factor&#44; complement&#44; immunoglobulins&#41;&#58; normal&#59; 7&#41; angiotensin-converting enzyme&#58; 32U&#47;L &#40;normal&#41;&#59; 8&#41; testing for common and atypical infections&#44; including pneumocystis&#44; using the induced sputum technique&#58; negative&#46; In light of these findings&#44; once we had ruled out infectious and autoimmune causes&#44; we made the diagnosis of interstitial pneumonitis caused by sirolimus&#46; Given the seriousness of the symptoms that prompted the change to sirolimus &#40;Kaposi&#191;s sarcoma&#41;&#44; we decided to switch to a different PSI&#44; everolimus&#46; The response to the new treatment was fast and very positive&#44; the patient made a full recovery and the chest x-ray and respiratory function tests were normal within a period of a few weeks&#46; The patient remained asymptomatic with everolimus levels at around 7ng&#47;ml&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara">Interstitial pneumonitis caused by sirolimus is characterised by allergy-like symptoms and its incidence is relatively significant &#40;4-14&#37; according to some series&#41;&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> This has also been observed with the use of everolimus although it seems to be less common&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span> Until now&#44; seven cases of recovery from pneumonitis caused by sirolimus after switching to everolimus have been reported&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;5</span> The progress made in all cases has been satisfactory&#44; except for in one case where symptoms recurred&#46; The lower pulmonary toxicity seems to be due to the fact that everolimus is more hydrophilic because it differs from sirolimus by one hydroxyl group&#46; Therefore&#44; although the mechanism of action is the same&#44; sirolimus and everolimus may have slightly different side effects&#46; Therefore&#44; the switch from sirolimus to everolimus may lead to recovery in cases of interstitial pneumonitis&#44; especially for those patients who still require PSI treatment like the one described&#46; <br></br></p>"
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ISSN: 20132514
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2021 February 49 17 66
2021 January 29 11 40
2020 December 15 7 22
2020 November 28 10 38
2020 October 23 8 31
2020 September 13 5 18
2020 August 28 5 33
2020 July 24 5 29
2020 June 16 4 20
2020 May 21 10 31
2020 April 30 14 44
2020 March 27 10 37
2020 February 27 14 41
2020 January 33 15 48
2019 December 25 14 39
2019 November 16 14 30
2019 October 8 4 12
2019 September 24 18 42
2019 August 12 8 20
2019 July 15 18 33
2019 June 19 10 29
2019 May 12 7 19
2019 April 36 27 63
2019 March 18 14 32
2019 February 8 14 22
2019 January 21 14 35
2018 December 54 29 83
2018 November 76 11 87
2018 October 53 16 69
2018 September 54 8 62
2018 August 35 12 47
2018 July 32 6 38
2018 June 33 8 41
2018 May 18 12 30
2018 April 27 6 33
2018 March 21 8 29
2018 February 23 3 26
2018 January 24 7 31
2017 December 34 9 43
2017 November 14 7 21
2017 October 25 6 31
2017 September 22 12 34
2017 August 23 14 37
2017 July 11 5 16
2017 June 23 9 32
2017 May 29 14 43
2017 April 20 7 27
2017 March 16 52 68
2017 February 14 8 22
2017 January 22 7 29
2016 December 49 9 58
2016 November 53 8 61
2016 October 106 8 114
2016 September 121 11 132
2016 August 151 7 158
2016 July 112 5 117
2016 June 118 0 118
2016 May 119 0 119
2016 April 75 0 75
2016 March 78 0 78
2016 February 88 0 88
2016 January 80 0 80
2015 December 86 0 86
2015 November 74 0 74
2015 October 73 0 73
2015 September 60 0 60
2015 August 76 0 76
2015 July 51 0 51
2015 June 30 0 30
2015 May 45 0 45
2015 April 6 0 6
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¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?