Letter to the Editor
Cilostazol: Several issues to be considered about the safety profile
Cilostazol: Varios factores a tener en cuenta sobre el perfil de seguridad
Hiroshi Ito
Division of Hospital Medicine, University of Tsukuba Hospital, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8576, Japan
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(B) The immunohistochemical study revels<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>30 IgG4 positive plasmocytes per large magnification field (IgG 4 immunohistochemistry, 40×).</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Inês Sala, Joana Freitas, João Oliveira, Josefina Santos, Ana Castro, António Cabrita" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Inês" "apellidos" => "Sala" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Joana" "apellidos" => "Freitas" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "João" "apellidos" => "Oliveira" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Josefina" "apellidos" => "Santos" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ana" "apellidos" => "Castro" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "António" "apellidos" => "Cabrita" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2013251422001468?idApp=UINPBA000064" "url" => "/20132514/0000004300000005/v1_202312041752/S2013251422001468/v1_202312041752/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Letter to the Editor</span>" "titulo" => "Cilostazol: Several issues to be considered about the safety profile" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "saludo" => "Dear Editor," "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "paginaInicial" => "650" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "autoresLista" => "Hiroshi Ito" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Hiroshi" "apellidos" => "Ito" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "itohirokan@yahoo.co.jp" ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "entidad" => "Division of Hospital Medicine, University of Tsukuba Hospital, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8576, Japan" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Cilostazol: Varios factores a tener en cuenta sobre el perfil de seguridad" ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">According to Jeon JW and colleagues, patients after arteriovenous fistula surgery with cilostazol use developed fewer vascular complications than those without cilostazol use.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> This result suggested the potential benefit of cilostazol use in patients with arteriovenous fistula. However, there seem several issues to consider in this study: an indication for cilostazol and an evaluation for drug-induced adverse events.</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">First, cilostazol is indicated for intermittent claudication (secondary to peripheral artery disease) only. Although cilostazol is sometimes used for secondary prevention of non-cardioembolic stroke or transient ischemic attack, these are off-label use. It is essential to clarify the indication of cilostazol in this study, and ethical validity seems warranted in this situation. Second, some patients in the cilostazol group had coronary artery disease, heart failure, or atrial fibrillation/flutter. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors have demonstrated decreased survival compared with placebo in patients with class III to IV heart failure and those with ischemic heart disease.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Thus, cilostazol is generally contraindicated for these populations. Besides, cilostazol may also induce tachycardia and hypotension. Caution is necessary when prescribing cilostazol to individuals with arterial fibrillation/flutter.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Lastly, the outcomes in this study did not include the adverse events during the observation period. This study included patients over 65 years of age and those using antiplatelet or anticoagulant agents. These populations were at high risk of bleeding events,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> and the occurrence of bleeding events and mortalities should have been evaluated.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Although cilostazol seems a promising agent, it is unclear whether cilostazol can be used safely in patients after arteriovenous fistula surgery who often have cardiovascular diseases. Further reports should be accumulated to understand the safety profile of cilostazol in this situation.</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Funding</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Funding" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Conflict of interest" ] 2 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0025" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Effect of cilostazol on arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis patients" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "J.W. Jeon" 1 => "H.R. Kim" 2 => "E. Lee" 3 => "J.I. Lee" 4 => "Y.R. Ham" 5 => "K.R. Na" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:2 [ "tituloSerie" => "Nefrologia" "fecha" => "2021" ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0030" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Effect of oral milrinone on mortality in severe chronic heart failure The PROMISE Study Research Group" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M. Packer" 1 => "J.R. Carver" 2 => "R.J. Rodeheffer" 3 => "R.J. Ivanhoe" 4 => "R. DiBianco" 5 => "S.M. Zeldis" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1056/NEJM199111213252103" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "N Engl J Med" "fecha" => "1991" "volumen" => "325" "paginaInicial" => "1468" "paginaFinal" => "1475" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1944425" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0035" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Efficacy of cilostazol on platelet reactivity and cardiovascular outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: insights from a meta-analysis of randomised trials" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "S. Bangalore" 1 => "A. Singh" 2 => "B. Toklu" 3 => "J.J. DiNicolantonio" 4 => "K. Croce" 5 => "F. Feit" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1136/openhrt-2014-000068" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Open Heart" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "1" "paginaInicial" => "e000068" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25332804" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0040" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "A novel user-friendly score (HAS-BLED) to assess 1-year risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation: the Euro Heart Survey" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "R. Pisters" 1 => "D.A. Lane" 2 => "R. Nieuwlaat" 3 => "C.B. de Vos" 4 => "H.J. Crijns" 5 => "G.Y. Lip" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1378/chest.10-0134" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Chest" "fecha" => "2010" "volumen" => "138" "paginaInicial" => "1093" "paginaFinal" => "1100" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20299623" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/20132514/0000004300000005/v1_202312041752/S2013251422001365/v1_202312041752/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "35436" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Letters to the Editor" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/20132514/0000004300000005/v1_202312041752/S2013251422001365/v1_202312041752/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA000064&text.app=https://revistanefrologia.com/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2013251422001365?idApp=UINPBA000064" ]
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