Editorial
The participation of immunity in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension
La participación de la inmunidad en la patogenia de la hypertension arterial
Read
4755
Timeswas read the article
1993
Total PDF
2762
Total HTML
Share statistics
array:24 [ "pii" => "S2013251420300110" "issn" => "20132514" "doi" => "10.1016/j.nefroe.2019.04.005" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-01-01" "aid" => "632" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Nefrología" "copyrightAnyo" => "2019" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "sco" "cita" => "Nefrologia (English Version). 2020;40:1-3" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:20 [ "pii" => "S0211699519301158" "issn" => "02116995" "doi" => "10.1016/j.nefro.2019.04.006" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-01-01" "aid" => "632" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Nefrología" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "sco" "cita" => "Nefrologia. 2020;40:1-3" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 2103 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 79 "HTML" => 1505 "PDF" => 519 ] ] "es" => array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Editorial</span>" "titulo" => "La participación de la inmunidad en la patogenia de la hipertensión arterial" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "1" "paginaFinal" => "3" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "The participation of immunity in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension" ] ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Bernardo Rodríguez-Iturbe" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Bernardo" "apellidos" => "Rodríguez-Iturbe" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2013251420300110" "doi" => "10.1016/j.nefroe.2019.04.005" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2013251420300110?idApp=UINPBA000064" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0211699519301158?idApp=UINPBA000064" "url" => "/02116995/0000004000000001/v1_202001221359/S0211699519301158/v1_202001221359/es/main.assets" ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:20 [ "pii" => "S2013251419300653" "issn" => "20132514" "doi" => "10.1016/j.nefroe.2019.04.001" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-01-01" "aid" => "593" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Nefrología" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "sco" "cita" => "Nefrologia (English Version). 2020;40:4-11" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 807 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 111 "HTML" => 470 "PDF" => 226 ] ] "en" => array:11 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Editorial</span>" "titulo" => "Burden, access, and disparities in kidney disease" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "4" "paginaFinal" => "11" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Carga, acceso y disparidades en enfermedad renal" ] ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1183 "Ancho" => 2098 "Tamanyo" => 127277 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Nephrologist availability (density per million population) compared with physician, nursing, and pharmaceutical personnel availability by country income level. Pharmaceutical personnel include pharmacists, pharmaceutical assistants, and pharmaceutical technicians. Nursing and midwifery personnel include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives, and related occupations such as dental nurses. A logarithmic scale was used for the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">x</span>-axis [log(<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">x</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>+<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1)] because of the large range in provider density. Data from Bello et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Osman et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0455"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">43</span></a> and the World Health Organization (for pharmaceutical personnel: <span class="elsevierStyleInterRef" id="intr0005" href="http://apps.who.int/gho/data/view.main.PHARMS">http://apps.who.int/gho/data/view.main.PHARMS</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleInterRef" id="intr0010" href="http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main-amro.HWF?lang=en">http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main-amro.HWF?lang=en</span>, for nursing and midwifery personnel: <span class="elsevierStyleInterRef" id="intr0015" href="http://apps.who.int/gho/data/view.main.NURSES">http://apps.who.int/gho/data/view.main.NURSES</span>, for physicians: http://apps.who.int/gho/data/view.main.92000).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0460"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">44</span></a></p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Deidra C. Crews, Aminu K. Bello, Gamal Saadi" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Deidra C." "apellidos" => "Crews" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Aminu K." "apellidos" => "Bello" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Gamal" "apellidos" => "Saadi" ] 3 => array:1 [ "colaborador" => "for the World Kidney Day Steering Committee" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "colaborador" => "Members of the World Kidney Day Steering Committee are" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0211699519300505" "doi" => "10.1016/j.nefro.2019.03.001" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0211699519300505?idApp=UINPBA000064" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2013251419300653?idApp=UINPBA000064" "url" => "/20132514/0000004000000001/v1_202003180708/S2013251419300653/v1_202003180708/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:15 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Editorial</span>" "titulo" => "The participation of immunity in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "1" "paginaFinal" => "3" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "autoresLista" => "Bernardo Rodríguez-Iturbe" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Bernardo" "apellidos" => "Rodríguez-Iturbe" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "brodrigueziturbe@gmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC)-Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "La participación de la inmunidad en la patogenia de la hypertension arterial" ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Studies conducted to demonstrate the participation of the immune system in the pathogenesis of hypertension are relatively recent. The association of high blood pressure with kidney disease was reported in 1879<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> and the first descriptions of autoimmunity as a generator for these morbid conditions appeared in 1904 when the description of auto-antibodies causing haemolytic anaemia in paroxysmal cold haemoglobinuria<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> ended the reigning hypothesis by Paul Erlich that the body did not harm itself (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">horror autotoxicus</span>).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Pioneering observations on the participation of the thymus in experimental models of hypertension began to appear towards the end of the last century,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> but it has been during the most recent decades that a growing number of studies<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> were conducted to unequivocally establish the critical role of autoimmunity in the complex aetiopathogenetic mechanism resulting in high blood pressure.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6–8</span></a></p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Inflammation as a manifestation of immune reactivity in hypertension</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">It is well established that inflammation at the levels of the kidney, artery wall, and the central nervous system promotes and increases the severity of hypertension. The prohypertensive potential of inflammation in these target organs has been demonstrated in studies in which inflammation was reduced with a variety of immunosuppressant treatments which prevented or improved hypertension in practically all hypertensive strains of rats and mice. Furthermore, experimental induction of kidney inflammation is associated with increased blood pressure.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Kidney inflammation induces hypertension as a result of reducing pressure-natriuresis, which is the adaptive renal response to a positive sodium balance.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> Reducing the natrituretic response mediated by increased renal perfusion pressure, which is caused by tubulointerstitial inflammation, results in oxidative stress with reduced nitric oxide, increases angiotensin activity, and has a profibrotic effects with a loss of peritubular capillars. In the arterial wall, inflammation locally increases the generation of oxygen-reactive species, increases vasoconstrictor tone, and suppresses the endothelial dependent vasodilation. In the central nervous system, inflammation in areas near the third ventricle promotes lymphocyte migration to the arterial wall (which causes vascular inflammation) and stimulates sympathetic nervous system activity which not only increases vasoconstrictor tone, cardiac output, and tubular sodium reabsorption, but also induces stimulation of various features of the immune system.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">The participation of lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The role of lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of hypertension was initially observed in pioneering experiments by Svendsen,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> who demonstrated that nude (athymic) mice did not develop salt-dependent hypertension in the DOCA (deoxycorticosterone)-salt model. The development of hypertension in this experimental model phase was recovered by administration of lymphocytes. The role of T and B lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of hypertension was definitely demonstrated in rats with genetic deficiencies of lymphocyte. Guzik et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> demonstrated that angiotensin <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">II</span>-induced hypertension was suppressed in Rag 1 -/- rats missing lymphocytes, and that the angiotensin response was restored by an adoptive T lymphocyte transfer. Similarly, resistance to hypertension was demonstrated in Dahl rates with no Rag 1.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> The role of B lymphocytes was demonstrated by Chan et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> who used BAFFR -/- rats (deficient in B <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">cell activation factor-receptor</span>).</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Innate immunity, acquired immunity, and autoimmunity in arterial hypertension</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Innate immunity, acquired immunity, and autoimmunity play an important role in hypertension. There is evidence of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in salt-induced hypertension<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> and in other experimental hypertension models. In hypertensive patients, it has been shown evidence on the activation of innate immunity, including increases in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">toll-like</span> receptors (TLR) 2 and 4 in peripheral blood monocytes<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> as well as elevation in plasma levels of IL-1Beta and IL-18.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15,16</span></a></p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All aspects of acquired immunity activation have been demonstrated in experimental models of hypertension, including antigens incorporated into antigen-presenting cells <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">in situ</span> and in circulation,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> and T cell co-stimulation<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> and generation from immune memory.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> In patients with essential hypertension, there are circulating antibodies targeted at potential pathogenic antigens.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20,21</span></a></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Immune system activation may be due to mechanisms dependent on an increase in sodium and auto-antigen generation. Although the hypertensive patient does not have hypernatraemia, increases in the sodium concentration within a range which does not exceed physiological levels are capable of polarising undifferentiated T cells towards generating IL-17 cells by activating SGK1 <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">(serum and glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1).</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22,23</span></a> IL-17 generation promotes autoimmunity, inflammation, and upregulation of the Na-K-2Cl (NKCC1) co-transporter.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a> The importance of IL-17 generation due to increases in the sodium concentration should be considered in the context of mild chronic increases in serum sodium concentration (≥3 mMol/L) which stimulate the central nervous system and increase blood pressure.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a> Moreover, sodium overloads cause high concentrations of sodium in the subcutaneous tissue bound to glycosaminoglycans. This increase in tissue sodium, with no systemic repercussion, induces TonEBP <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">(tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein)</span> stimulation which increases macrophage infiltration with VEGF-C <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">(vascular endothelial growth factor-C)</span> generation and increases the subcutaneous lymphatic network.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> Under these conditions, the subcutaneous sodium levels may be within the range which could promote the generation of IL-17.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22,23</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Auto-antigens, based on evidence from experimental studies are now being evaluated in humans, these are proteins modified by the generation of isoketals which are the result of lipid peroxidation<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family of stress proteins.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a> Participation of the latter may be induced by overexpression and mobilisation to the extracellular space, or by performing its functions of protection and antigen transport to the major histocompatibility complex of the cells presenting the antigen.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">A look to the future</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The possibility of suppressing or preventing elements that trigger immune reactivity with the aim of preventing or treating hypertension is subject to identifying factors which are surely many and variable in different populations, in different age groups, and in both sexes. Evaluating potential antigens and their pathophysiological generation occupies a good portion of current research on the immunopathogenesis of hypertension and promises results in the not-too-distant future. Furthermore, the possibility that an immunosuppressant treatment could be a valid therapeutic option in severe, treatment-resistant hypertension should be explored. Several studies have demonstrated high levels of circulating cytokines in hypertensive patients, and recently, Chen et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a> evaluated a considerable number of patients with kidney disease who had resistant hypertension and found a significant increase in TNFα and IL-6 and reduced levels of TGFβ. In studies with 6–7 years of follow-up, these patients had an increased in mortality and in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. As was reported in a recent editorial,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a> these results open up the possibility of using anti-IL-6 or anti-TNFα treatments in patients with severe, resistant hypertension. There is an anecdotal report of a short course of treatment with microphenolate mofetil which resulted in transforming a patient's severe, resistant hypertension to an easily controlled hypertension.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> In-depth studies are needed which can clarify the clinical characteristics and cytokine values which make it possible to predict a potential beneficial outcome of temporary immunosuppression in essential hypertension.</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Inflammation as a manifestation of immune reactivity in hypertension" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "The participation of lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Innate immunity, acquired immunity, and autoimmunity in arterial hypertension" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "A look to the future" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Conflict of interest" ] 5 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2019-04-05" "fechaAceptado" => "2019-04-28" "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Rodríguez-Iturbe B. La participación de la inmunidad en la patogenia de la hypertension arterial. Nefrologia. 2020;40:1–3.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:31 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "On chronic Bright’s disease and its essential symptoms" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "F.A. Mahomed" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Lancet" "fecha" => "1879" "volumen" => "I" "paginaInicial" => "399" "paginaFinal" => "401" "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S1472648318306345" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "14726483" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0010" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Über paroxysmale Hämoglobinurie" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "J. Donath" 1 => "K. Landsteiner" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Münch med Wochenschr" "fecha" => "1904" "volumen" => "51" "paginaInicial" => "1590" "paginaFinal" => "1601" ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0015" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Ehrlich P., Morgenroth J. Berlin klin Wochenschr. 1901; 38 251-257 [reproducida en inglés en Ehrlich P]. The Collected Papers of Paul Erlich. 1957;note 2(II):253. Pergamon Press NY." ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0020" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Studies elucidating the importance of thymus on the degree of increased blood pressure and vascular disease in renal hypertensive mice. A comparison of the disease in nude and haired littermates" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "U.G. Svendsen" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb00169.x" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand A" "fecha" => "1975" "volumen" => "83" "paginaInicial" => "568" "paginaFinal" => "572" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/126633" "web" => "Medline" ] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0015028211010417" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "00150282" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0025" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Immune mechanisms in hypertension" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "M.J. Ryan" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "LibroEditado" => array:5 [ "editores" => "N.D.Granger, J.Granger" "titulo" => "Colloquium Series on Integrated system Physiology" "paginaInicial" => "33" "paginaFinal" => "44" "serieFecha" => "2013" ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0030" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The immunology of hypertension" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "A.E. Norlander" 1 => "M.S. Madhur" 2 => "D.G. Harrison" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1084/jem.20171773" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Exp Med" "fecha" => "2018" "volumen" => "215" "paginaInicial" => "21" "paginaFinal" => "33" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29247045" "web" => "Medline" ] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0015028216627668" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "00150282" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0035" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Role of the immune system in hypertension" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "B. Rodriguez-Iturbe" 1 => "H. Pons" 2 => "R.J. Johnson" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1152/physrev.00031.2016" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Physiol Rev" "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "97" "paginaInicial" => "1127" "paginaFinal" => "1164" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28566539" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0040" "etiqueta" => "8" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mattson DL Novel adaptive and innate immunity targets in hypertension" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "J.M. Abais-Battad" 1 => "J.H. Dasinger" 2 => "D.J. Fehrenbach" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.phrs.2017.03.015" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Pharmacol Res" "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "120" "paginaInicial" => "109" "paginaFinal" => "115" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28336371" "web" => "Medline" ] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0015028211003323" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "00150282" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0045" "etiqueta" => "9" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Arterial pressure regulation. Overriding dominance of the kidneys in long-term regulation and in hypertension" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "A.C. Guyton" 1 => "T.G. Coleman" 2 => "A.V. Cowley Jr" 3 => "K.W. Scheel" 4 => "R.D. Manning Jr" 5 => "R.A. Norman Jr" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Med" "fecha" => "1972" "volumen" => "52" "paginaInicial" => "584" "paginaFinal" => "594" ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0050" "etiqueta" => "10" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Role of the T cell in the genesis of angiotensin II induced hypertension and vascular dysfunction" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "T.J. Guzik" 1 => "N.E. Hoch" 2 => "K.A. Brown" 3 => "L.A. McCann" 4 => "A. Rahman" 5 => "S. Dikalov" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Exp Med" "fecha" => "2007" "volumen" => "204" "paginaInicial" => "2449" "paginaFinal" => "2460" ] ] ] ] ] ] 10 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0055" "etiqueta" => "11" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Genetic mutation of recombination activating gene 1 in Dahl salt-sensitive rats attenuates hypertension and renal damage" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "D.L. Mattson" 1 => "H. Lund" 2 => "C. Guo" 3 => "N. Rudemiller" 4 => "A.M. Geurts" 5 => "H. Jacob" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1152/ajpregu.00304.2012" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "304" "paginaInicial" => "R407" "paginaFinal" => "R414" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23364523" "web" => "Medline" ] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0015028204007289" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "00150282" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 11 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0060" "etiqueta" => "12" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Obligatory role for B cells in the development of angiotensin II-dependent hypertension" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "C.T. Chan" 1 => "C.G. Sobey" 2 => "M. Lieu" 3 => "D. Ferens" 4 => "M.M. Kett" 5 => "H. Diep" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.05779" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Hypertension" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "66" "paginaInicial" => "1023" "paginaFinal" => "1033" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26351030" "web" => "Medline" ] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0002937811008398" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "00029378" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 12 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0065" "etiqueta" => "13" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "D. Liu" 1 => "X. Zeng" 2 => "X. Li" 3 => "J.L. Mehta" 4 => "X. Wang" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s00395-017-0663-9" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Basic Res Cardiol" "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "113" "paginaInicial" => "5" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29224086" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 13 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0070" "etiqueta" => "14" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "TLR2 and TLR4 gene expression in peripheral monocytes in nondiabetic hypertensive patients: the effect of intensive blood pressure-lowering" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M.E. Marketou" 1 => "J.E. Kontaraki" 2 => "E.A. Zacharis" 3 => "G.E. Kochiadakis" 4 => "A. Giaouzaki" 5 => "G. Chlouverakis" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Clin Hypertens" "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "14" "paginaInicial" => "330" "paginaFinal" => "335" ] ] ] ] ] ] 14 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0075" "etiqueta" => "15" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Interleukin-18, the metabolic syndrome, and subclinical atherosclerosis: results from the Dallas Heart Study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "A. Zirlik" 1 => "S.M. Abdullah" 2 => "N. Gerdes" 3 => "L. MacFarlane" 4 => "U. Schönbeck" 5 => "A. Khera" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.149484" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol" "fecha" => "2007" "volumen" => "27" "paginaInicial" => "2043" "paginaFinal" => "2049" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17626902" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 15 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0080" "etiqueta" => "16" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "PRIME Study Group Interleukin-18 and the risk of coronary heart disease in European men: the Prospective Epidemiological Study of Myocardial Infarction (PRIME)" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "S. Blankenberg" 1 => "G. Luc" 2 => "P. Ducimetière" 3 => "D. Arveiler" 4 => "J. Ferrières" 5 => "P. Amouyel" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1161/01.CIR.0000099509.76044.A2" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Circulation" "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "108" "paginaInicial" => "2453" "paginaFinal" => "2459" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14581397" "web" => "Medline" ] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0015028215000795" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "00150282" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 16 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0085" "etiqueta" => "17" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "DC isoketal-modified proteins activate T cells and promote hypertension" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "A. Kirabo" 1 => "V. Fontana" 2 => "A.P. de Faria" 3 => "R. Loperena" 4 => "C.L. Galindo" 5 => "J. Wu" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1172/JCI74084" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Clin Invest" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "124" "paginaInicial" => "4642" "paginaFinal" => "4656" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25244096" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 17 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0090" "etiqueta" => "18" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Inhibition and genetic ablation of the B7/CD28 T-cell costimulation axis prevents experimental hypertension" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "A. Vinh" 1 => "W. Chen" 2 => "Y. Blinder" 3 => "D. Weiss" 4 => "W.R. Taylor" 5 => "J.J. Goronzy" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.930446" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Circulation" "fecha" => "2010" "volumen" => "122" "paginaInicial" => "2529" "paginaFinal" => "2537" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21126972" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 18 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0095" "etiqueta" => "19" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "CD70 exacerbates blood pressure elevation and renal damage in response to repeated hypertensive stimuli" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "H.A. Itani" 1 => "L. Xiao" 2 => "M.A. Saleh" 3 => "J. Wu" 4 => "M.A. Pilkinton" 5 => "B.L. Dale" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.308111" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Circ Res" "fecha" => "2016" "volumen" => "118" "paginaInicial" => "1233" "paginaFinal" => "1243" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26988069" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 19 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0100" "etiqueta" => "20" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Circulating heat shock protein and heat shock protein antibody levels in established hypertension" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "A.G. Pockley" 1 => "U. De Faire" 2 => "R. Kiessling" 3 => "C. Lemne" 4 => "T. Thulin" 5 => "J. Frostegård" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1097/00004872-200209000-00027" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Hypertens" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "20" "paginaInicial" => "1815" "paginaFinal" => "1820" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12195124" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 20 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0105" "etiqueta" => "21" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Association of plasma antibodies against the inducible Hsp70 with hypertension and harsh working conditions" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "T. Wu" 1 => "J. Ma" 2 => "S. Chen" 3 => "Y. Sun" 4 => "C. Xiao" 5 => "Y. Gao" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1379/1466-1268(2001)006<0394:aopaat>2.0.co;2" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Cell Stress Chaperones" "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "6" "paginaInicial" => "394" "paginaFinal" => "401" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11795477" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 21 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0110" "etiqueta" => "22" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Induction of pathogenic TH17 cells by inducible salt-sensing kinase SGK1" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "C. Wu" 1 => "N. Yosef" 2 => "T. Thalhamer" 3 => "C. Zhu" 4 => "S. Xiao" 5 => "Y. Kishi" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1038/nature11984" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Nature" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "496" "paginaInicial" => "513" "paginaFinal" => "517" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23467085" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 22 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0115" "etiqueta" => "23" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Sodium chloride drives autoimmune disease by the induction of pathogenic TH17 cells" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M. Kleinewietfeld" 1 => "A. Manzel" 2 => "J. Titze" 3 => "H. Kvakan" 4 => "N. Yosef" 5 => "R.A. Linker" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Nature" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "496" "paginaInicial" => "518" "paginaFinal" => "522" ] ] ] ] ] ] 23 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0120" "etiqueta" => "24" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "A salt-sensing kinase in T lymphocytes,SGK1, drives hypertension and hypertensive end-organ damage" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "A.E. Norlander" 1 => "M.A. Saleh" 2 => "A.K. Pandey" 3 => "H.A. Itani" 4 => "J. Wu" 5 => "L. Xiao" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1172/jci.insight.92801" "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "JCI Insight" "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "e92801" ] ] ] ] ] ] 24 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0125" "etiqueta" => "25" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt rats: hypertension and sympathoexcitation driven by increased NaCl levels" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "T.L. O’Dounaughy" 1 => "V.L. Brooks" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1161/01.HYP.0000214362.18612.6e" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Hypertension" "fecha" => "2006" "volumen" => "47" "paginaInicial" => "680" "paginaFinal" => "685" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16520400" "web" => "Medline" ] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0015028217303618" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "00150282" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 25 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0130" "etiqueta" => "26" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Immune cells control skin lymphatic electrolyte homeostasis and blood pressure" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "H. Wiig" 1 => "A. Schröder" 2 => "W. Neuhofer" 3 => "J. Jantsch" 4 => "C. Kopp" 5 => "T.V. Karlsen" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1172/JCI60113" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Clin Invest" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "123" "paginaInicial" => "2803" "paginaFinal" => "2815" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23722907" "web" => "Medline" ] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0015028216000935" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "00150282" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 26 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0135" "etiqueta" => "27" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Immune reactivity to heat shock protein 70 expressed in the kidney is cause of salt sensitive hypertension" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:7 [ 0 => "H. Pons" 1 => "A. Ferrebuz" 2 => "Y. Quiroz" 3 => "F. Romero-Vasquez" 4 => "G. Parra" 5 => "R.J. Johnson" 6 => "B. Rodriguez-Iturbe" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1152/ajprenal.00517.2012" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Physiol Renal Physiol" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "304" "paginaInicial" => "F289" "paginaFinal" => "F299" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23097471" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 27 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0140" "etiqueta" => "28" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The role of autoimmune reactivity induced by heat shock protein 70 in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "B. Rodriguez-Iturbe" 1 => "M. Lanaspa" 2 => "R.J. Johnson" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/bph.14334" "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "Brit J Pharmacol" "fecha" => "2018" "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0015028218300323" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "00150282" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 28 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0145" "etiqueta" => "29" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Inflammation and apparent treatment resistant-hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease: the results from the CRIC study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "J. Chen" 1 => "J.D. Bundy" 2 => "L.L. Hamm" 3 => "C.Y. Hsu" 4 => "J. Lash" 5 => "E.R. Miller 3rd" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Hypertension" "fecha" => "2019" "volumen" => "73" "paginaInicial" => "785" "paginaFinal" => "793" ] ] ] ] ] ] 29 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0150" "etiqueta" => "30" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Markers or Makers: Inflammatory cytokines in treatment-resistant hypertension" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "N.R. Barbaro" 1 => "D.G. Harrison" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.12604" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Hypertension" "fecha" => "2019" "volumen" => "73" "paginaInicial" => "767" "paginaFinal" => "769" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30776975" "web" => "Medline" ] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0015028200004155" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "00150282" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 30 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0155" "etiqueta" => "31" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of hypertension" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "B. Rodriguez-Iturbe" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.06418" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Hypertension" "fecha" => "2016" "volumen" => "67" "paginaInicial" => "477" "paginaFinal" => "483" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26644240" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/20132514/0000004000000001/v1_202003180708/S2013251420300110/v1_202003180708/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "82913" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Editorial articles" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/20132514/0000004000000001/v1_202003180708/S2013251420300110/v1_202003180708/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA000064&text.app=https://revistanefrologia.com/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2013251420300110?idApp=UINPBA000064" ]
| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2024 October | 61 | 34 | 95 |
| 2024 September | 65 | 28 | 93 |
| 2024 August | 84 | 62 | 146 |
| 2024 July | 61 | 43 | 104 |
| 2024 June | 71 | 48 | 119 |
| 2024 May | 57 | 39 | 96 |
| 2024 April | 60 | 29 | 89 |
| 2024 March | 63 | 31 | 94 |
| 2024 February | 50 | 42 | 92 |
| 2024 January | 40 | 28 | 68 |
| 2023 December | 34 | 22 | 56 |
| 2023 November | 77 | 34 | 111 |
| 2023 October | 50 | 34 | 84 |
| 2023 September | 78 | 30 | 108 |
| 2023 August | 33 | 20 | 53 |
| 2023 July | 58 | 24 | 82 |
| 2023 June | 35 | 27 | 62 |
| 2023 May | 38 | 30 | 68 |
| 2023 April | 19 | 13 | 32 |
| 2023 March | 53 | 26 | 79 |
| 2023 February | 24 | 16 | 40 |
| 2023 January | 34 | 37 | 71 |
| 2022 December | 75 | 34 | 109 |
| 2022 November | 52 | 44 | 96 |
| 2022 October | 66 | 44 | 110 |
| 2022 September | 39 | 31 | 70 |
| 2022 August | 32 | 56 | 88 |
| 2022 July | 42 | 59 | 101 |
| 2022 June | 39 | 38 | 77 |
| 2022 May | 40 | 37 | 77 |
| 2022 April | 39 | 56 | 95 |
| 2022 March | 39 | 44 | 83 |
| 2022 February | 45 | 46 | 91 |
| 2022 January | 35 | 37 | 72 |
| 2021 December | 32 | 38 | 70 |
| 2021 November | 33 | 35 | 68 |
| 2021 October | 54 | 48 | 102 |
| 2021 September | 40 | 36 | 76 |
| 2021 August | 50 | 37 | 87 |
| 2021 July | 59 | 52 | 111 |
| 2021 June | 40 | 38 | 78 |
| 2021 May | 38 | 59 | 97 |
| 2021 April | 87 | 33 | 120 |
| 2021 March | 52 | 48 | 100 |
| 2021 February | 58 | 20 | 78 |
| 2021 January | 26 | 27 | 53 |
| 2020 December | 29 | 22 | 51 |
| 2020 November | 33 | 10 | 43 |
| 2020 October | 35 | 23 | 58 |
| 2020 September | 37 | 22 | 59 |
| 2020 August | 39 | 51 | 90 |
| 2020 July | 42 | 21 | 63 |
| 2020 June | 40 | 19 | 59 |
| 2020 May | 78 | 48 | 126 |
| 2020 April | 73 | 42 | 115 |
| 2020 March | 86 | 27 | 113 |
| 2020 February | 11 | 14 | 25 |
Show all
