Letter to the Editor
The efficacy of antiviral therapy after renal transplant in a HCV-positive recipient from a HCV-positive donor
La eficacia de la terapia antiviral después del trasplante renal en un receptor con HCV positivo de un donante con HCV positivo
Gioacchino Li Cavoli
, Camillo Carollo, Barbara Oliva, Antonio Amato, Rosa Anna Turdo, Vitalba Azzolina, Rosalia Mongiovì, Flavia Caputo
Corresponding author
Nephrology Dialysis and Renal Transplant Department, Civico and Di Cristina Hospital, Palermo, Italy
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The interferon and ribavirin treatment for HCV infection in kidney transplant recipients is limited, because of the risk for allograft rejection and poor tolerability. In 2011 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the introduction of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) for the treatment of chronic HCV infection. Since 2014, in the European Union, Sofosbuvir (SOF) 400<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/Ledipasvir (LDV) 90<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg (Harvoni<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span>) is licensed for chronic HCV infection therapy. According to the EASL Guidelines, no dose adjustment of SOF/LDV is required for patients with mild or moderate renal impairment (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>>30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml/min/1.73<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>) and a full-dose SOF is recommended in patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) on dialysis; however, the safety has not been assessed in patients with stage 4 or 5 CKD not on dialysis.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> In the experience of Saxena et al., a progressive deterioration of renal function and renal symptoms was reported in patients with eGFR ≤45<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml/min/1.73<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> receiving an SOF-based regimen, although efficacy was comparable to that observed in patients without renal impairment.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> The experience of DAA therapy for HCV in the post kidney transplant setting is poor and limited than in liver transplant recipients.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> There has been a concern that HCV-positive recipients of HCV-positive kidneys have worse clinical outcomes compared to HCV-positive recipients of HCV-negative grafts.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> Here we report our experience. In September 2015 a 54-year-old female, suffering from ADPKD, on long-term hemodialysis, became HCV-positive (genotype 1b, viral load 1,260,000<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>UI/ml), without abnormal liver laboratory investigations. In November 2015 she successfully received a renal transplant from HCV-positive (genotype 1b, viral load 960,000<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>UI/ml) deceased donor, with early functioning graft (creatinine 0.66<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/dl). From March to May 2016 she received anti-HCV therapy. She was taking prednisone, everolimus and tacrolimus. She was treated with SOF/LDV 1 tablet/day for 12 weeks. At the baseline (January 2016), the viral load was 18,770,000<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>UI/ml. The patient had a Sustained Virological Response at 12 and 24 weeks after treatment. In this period, she did not suffer from any of the most common adverse events of SOF/LDV treatment (fatigue, headache, anemia requiring blood transfusion, nausea), and we did not observe any abnormalities of the common laboratory parameters. At follow-up (February 2018), the HCV-RNA detection was negative.</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our experience confirms the positive results by Gallegos-Orozco JF et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> We highlight the efficacy of antiviral therapy in a HCV-positive (with active HCV-RNA replication) renal transplant recipient from HCV-positive donor, without severe adverse events or drug–drug interactions with her immunosuppressive therapy.</p></span>" "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:5 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0030" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "HCV and kidney transplant in the era of new direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs)" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "G. La Manna" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s40620-018-0476-4" "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Nephrol" "fecha" => "2018" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21614775" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0035" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "EASL recommendations on treatment of hepatitis C 2016" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "European Association for the Study of the Liver" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.jhep.2016.09.001" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Hepatol" "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "66" "paginaInicial" => "153" "paginaFinal" => "194" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27667367" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0040" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Safety and efficacy of sofosbuvir-containing regimens in hepatitis C-infected patients with impaired renal function" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "V. Saxena" 1 => "F.M. Koraishy" 2 => "M.E. Sise" 3 => "J.K. Lim" 4 => "M. Schmidt" 5 => "R.T. Chung" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/liv.13102" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Liver Int" "fecha" => "2016" "volumen" => "36" "paginaInicial" => "807" "paginaFinal" => "816" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26923436" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0045" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Treatment with ledipasvir-sofosbuvir for 12 or 24 weeks in kidney transplant recipients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 or 4 infection: a randomized trial" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M. Colombo" 1 => "A. Aghemo" 2 => "H. Liu" 3 => "J. Zhang" 4 => "H. Dvory-Sobol" 5 => "R. Hyland" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.7326/M16-1205" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Ann Intern Med" "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "166" "paginaInicial" => "109" "paginaFinal" => "117" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27842383" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0050" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Early results of pilot study using hepatitis C virus (HCV) positive kidneys to transplant HCV infected patients with end-stage renal disease allowing for successful interferon-free direct acting antiviral therapy after transplantation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "J.F. Gallegos-Orozco" 1 => "R. Kim" 2 => "H.F. Thiesset" 3 => "J. Hatch" 4 => "K. Lynch" 5 => "T. Chaly Jr." ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.7759/cureus.890" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Cureus" "fecha" => "2016" "volumen" => "8" "paginaInicial" => "e890" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28018760" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/20132514/0000003900000003/v1_201906270707/S2013251419300902/v1_201906270707/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "35436" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Letters to the Editor" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/20132514/0000003900000003/v1_201906270707/S2013251419300902/v1_201906270707/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA000064&text.app=https://revistanefrologia.com/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2013251419300902?idApp=UINPBA000064" ]
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