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          "en" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Distribution of biopsies by centre&#46;</p>"
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Percutaneous biopsy is the test of choice for the diagnosis of kidney diseases&#46; Nephrologists make decisions regarding treatment and prognosis by studying the biopsy&#39;s histological data&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This technique is safe and relatively simple to perform&#46; Renal biopsy complications are very limited and when they do occur they are mainly minor&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Some centres even advocate biopsies in an outpatient setting&#44; without the need for hospital admission&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Furthermore&#44; practically half of biopsied patients have a potentially treatable disease that tends to include the use of immunosuppressant drugs&#44; thus requiring a certain degree of specificity in the diagnosis due to the adverse effect profile of these treatments&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Choosing suitable candidates for biopsy is&#44; therefore&#44; a challenge for nephrologists because the benefits of early and treatable diagnosis outweigh the risks if carried out correctly&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nevertheless&#44; there are no established criteria for performing renal biopsy&#59; the criteria vary according to different centres or countries&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> In general&#44; nephrotic syndrome&#44; nephritic syndrome and acute renal failure tend to be main indications for performing a biopsy&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#8211;7</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Spain&#39;s largest histopathological data collection is the Spanish Registry of Glomerulonephritis sponsored by the Spanish Society of Nephrology&#44; which has recorded more than 22&#44;000 biopsies to date&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8&#44;9</span></a> In the region of Castilla-La Mancha&#44; all the biopsies performed between 1994 and 2008 at hospitals in Albacete&#44; Ciudad Real&#44; Cuenca&#44; Guadalajara and Toledo have been recorded&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study aims to explore the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of biopsied patients with a diagnosis of glomerulonephritis in Castilla-La Mancha &#40;GLOMANCHA&#41; and to analyse renal survival and mortality during follow-up&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Methods</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Patients</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Registry of patients who have undergone biopsy in the Autonomous Community of Castilla-La Mancha between 1994 and 2008&#46; Data have been provided by different hospitals from the community provinces &#40;Albacete&#44; Ciudad Real&#44; Cuenca&#44; Guadalajara and Toledo&#41;&#46; Forms were sent that included epidemiological data &#40;age and gender&#41; and renal function data &#40;glomerular filtration rate &#91;GFR&#93; and proteinuria&#41; at the time of renal biopsy and at the cut-off date in 2008 &#40;death&#44; alive and requiring renal replacement therapy or alive with no need for renal replacement therapy&#41;&#46; Each centre presented its own indications for renal biopsy&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Histological diagnosis</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The following histological diagnoses were collected in the registry&#58;<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0005"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0005"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">-</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Minimal change disease&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0010"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">-</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">IgA nephropathy&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0015"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">-</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Rapidly progressive type III glomerulonephritis &#40;vasculitis&#41;&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0020"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">-</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Membranous nephropathy&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0025"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">-</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Lupus nephritis&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0030"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">-</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis&#46;</p></li></ul></p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Other biopsied diseases were excluded from the analysis &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>103&#41; due to the small number of cases recorded &#40;acute glomerulonephritis&#44; membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis types I&#44; II and III&#44; extracapillary types I and II glomerulonephritis and others&#41;&#44; as were paediatric patients who underwent biopsy&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Follow-up</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Follow-up was ended in 2008&#44; when vital status &#40;alive or dead&#41; and renal status &#40;on renal replacement therapy &#91;RRT&#93; or not&#41; were recorded&#46; We checked for an association between the different factors collected &#40;age&#44; gender&#44; proteinuria and renal function&#41; and survival &#40;renal and overall&#41; and multivariate models were carried out adjusted according to these factors&#46; Proteinuria was analysed dichotomously according to the median for each disease&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Statistical analysis</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The variables are expressed as mean &#40;standard deviation&#41; or median &#40;interquartile interval&#41; according to their distribution&#46; The Student&#39;s <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-test or Chi-squared test were used for parametric variables and the Mann&#8211;Whitney test for non-parametric variables&#46; Overall and renal survival studies were performed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression adjusted according to the variables studied &#40;age&#44; gender&#44; GFR and proteinuria&#41;&#46; With an aim to show clinically significant predictive parameters in this study&#44; the gender and GFR variables were treated as continuous variables and median proteinuria was taken for each of the diseases studied&#46; Moreover&#44; renal and overall survival curves were performed for the different diseases using the Kaplan&#8211;Meier estimator&#46; A <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value &#60;0&#46;05 was considered to be significant&#46; All the analyses were carried out using SPSS v18&#46;0 &#40;SPSS Inc&#46;&#44; Chicago&#44; IL&#44; USA&#41;&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Results</span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Baseline characteristics</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Of the 941 biopsies recorded&#44; 555 &#40;59&#37;&#41; were men&#44; with a mean age of 48<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>18 years&#46; Median GFR estimated by MDRD at the time of biopsy was 50&#46;3 &#40;25&#46;5&#8211;76&#46;3&#41; ml&#47;min&#47;1&#46;73<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#44; with a median proteinuria of 3&#46;4 &#40;1&#46;5&#8211;6&#46;4&#41; g per day&#46; The most common diseases were lupus nephritis&#44; focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and membranous nephropathy&#46; The rest of the data is shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#46; The distribution according to centre is shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Characteristics of each histological group</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a> shows the data collected from the different diseases biopsied&#46; There was male predominance in all the entities &#8211; the most striking was IgA glomerulonephritis &#8211; except for lupus nephritis &#40;19&#46;4&#37; of the total&#41;&#44; in which more women were diagnosed&#46; In terms of age of presentation&#44; lupus nephritis affected patients at the youngest age &#40;34<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>15 years&#41; in contrast to rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis type III &#40;63<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>13 years&#41;&#46; Data on renal function and proteinuria vary according to the different diseases studied&#46; Minimal change disease and membranous nephropathy present normal renal function medians &#40;75&#46;3 and 67&#46;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#47;min&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#44; respectively&#41; with proteinuria greater than 7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g per day&#46; Meanwhile&#44; at the time of biopsy&#44; rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis type III presented a very deteriorated GFR &#40;13&#46;6&#59; 7&#46;6&#8211;21&#46;55<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#47;min&#47;1&#46;73<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#41; with less proteinuria than the other diseases &#40;1&#46;5&#59; 0&#46;8&#8211;2&#46;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g per day&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Follow-up</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">During follow-up &#40;7&#46;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#46;8 years&#41;&#44; 146 patients died &#40;15&#46;5&#37;&#41;&#59; 74 prior to starting RRT &#40;7&#46;8&#37;&#41; and 72 &#40;7&#46;6&#37;&#41; who were already part of the programme&#46; A total of 53 patients were on dialysis at the end of follow-up &#40;5&#46;6&#37;&#41;&#44; 74 had received a kidney transplant &#40;7&#46;8&#37;&#41; and 609 &#40;64&#46;7&#37;&#41; were alive and had not required RRT&#46; Fifty-nine &#40;59&#41; patients were lost to follow-up &#40;6&#46;2&#37;&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Factors associated with renal survival</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A total of 199 patients &#40;10&#46;5&#37;&#41; required RRT&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a> shows the renal survival curves for the different diseases&#46; Of these&#44; IgA glomerulonephritis&#44; focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis type III were associated with the worst prognosis&#46; Overall&#44; proteinuria and a decrease in GFR were independent predictive factors for worse renal survival in a model adjusted for age and gender &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>&#41;&#46; In terms of the diseases individually&#44; deterioration in GFR was associated with worse renal prognosis in all the diseases&#46; However&#44; proteinuria was only an independent predictive factor in IgA glomerulonephritis &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>&#41;&#46; Taking proteinuria continuously&#44; the results overlapped &#40;data not shown&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0130">Mortality-related factors</span><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A total of 146 patients &#40;15&#46;5&#37;&#41; died during follow-up&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig&#46; 3</a> shows the survival curves for the different diseases&#46; Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis type III presented the worst vital prognosis&#46; Overall&#44; a worse GFR and age &#40;data not shown in the table&#44; HR 1&#46;07&#59; 95&#37; CI&#58; 1&#46;05&#8211;1&#46;08&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;001&#41; were independently associated with mortality in a model adjusted for proteinuria and gender &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>&#41;&#46; By analysing each disease separately&#44; we found that age was the most important independent predictive factor for mortality in all diseases &#40;data not shown&#41; and only deterioration in GFR predicted mortality in membranous nephropathy&#44; maintaining a trend in the other diseases &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0135">Discussion</span><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The Castilla-La Mancha biopsy registry presents extended follow-up &#40;more than 7 years&#41; and shows that patients undergoing this procedure are predominately men&#44; with a mean age of 48 years&#44; mildly decreased renal function and proteinuria greater than 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g per day&#46; The most common histological diagnoses were lupus nephritis followed by focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and membranous nephropathy&#46; Although these data may initially draw attention&#44; the results must be put into context&#44; as each centre has their own indications for renal biopsy&#59; they do not reflect the total incidence of these diseases&#44; but rather only those which are diagnosed histopathologically&#46; Renal survival is excellent in lupus nephropathy and in minimal change disease&#44; unlike focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis type III&#46; The latter&#44; moreover&#44; has the worst vital prognosis&#46; All these data are consistent with the registries published previously&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10&#44;11</span></a></p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In terms of incidence&#44; IgA nephropathy has always remained at the head of the Spanish Registry of Glomerulonephritis&#44; followed by lupus nephritis&#46; According to 2010&#8211;2013 data&#44; focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and membranous nephropathy were in third and fourth place respectively&#46; This difference with our series is probably due to the lack of biopsies in the IgA group&#44; if they do not present poor prognosis data and if clinical manifestations are suggestive of this disease&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Regarding the diseases with poor renal prognosis&#44; it was interesting that in our sample GFR at the time of biopsy was the predictor for renal survival&#44; and not proteinuria&#46; Only in IgA nephropathy&#44; proteinuria greater than 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g multiplied the risk for starting RRT by 2&#46;9&#46; In a study that included 141 patients&#44; the Spanish Society of Nephrology Glomerular Disease Study Group &#40;GLOSEN&#41; confirmed the excellent prognosis for patients with IgA nephropathy and minimum or null proteinuria in the long term&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a></p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis type III&#44; which presents the worst prognosis of the diseases studied&#44; has a severely decreased GFR &#40;MDRD 13&#46;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#47;min&#47;1&#46;73<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#41;&#44; with a mean age greater than the other diseases &#40;63 years&#41; at the time of biopsy&#46; These 2 situations are consistent with data recently published by the SEN &#40;Spanish Society of Nephrology&#41; registry and both &#40;GFR and age&#41; are responsible for its poor prognosis&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a></p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Membranous nephropathy is&#44; together with minimal change disease&#44; the disease with the most proteinuria at the time of biopsy &#40;more than 7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g per day&#41;&#46; Furthermore&#44; both present a GFR greater than 60<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#47;min&#47;1&#46;73<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#46; Overall and renal survival are good at 15 years follow-up &#40;greater than 80&#37;&#41;&#46; Nevertheless&#44; membranous nephropathy is probably under-diagnosed&#46; More and more authors are advocating for performing biopsy in diabetic patients with proteinuria&#44; as this is often erroneously attributed to diabetic nephropathy&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> In a recent study published by Soleymanian et al&#46;&#44; renal biopsy was performed in 46 diabetic patients with proteinuria&#44; haematuria or impaired kidney function and only 34&#46;8&#37; had pure diabetic nephropathy&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a></p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">At the time of renal biopsy&#44; the patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis presented deterioration of renal function with GFR estimated at 45&#46;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml&#47;min&#47;1&#46;73<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> and a median proteinuria of 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g per day&#46; These data are consistent with other registries published in the work of Kwon et al&#46;&#44; which included 111 Korean adults&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> There was a male predominance &#40;70&#37;&#41; in the sample&#46; Renal function marked the patients&#8217; prognosis&#44; whose renal survival was poor&#46; As in our study&#44; the prognosis factors in the Korean study were renal function and age&#44; but also proteinuria&#46; This is because the final variable of their study was combined&#44; including increased serum creatinine or start of RRT&#44; unlike our study in which we only considered the latter&#46; Moreover&#44; since D&#8217;Agati proposed a classification of histological variants in 2003&#44; several studies have aimed to assess renal prognosis in each of these&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> Although there is no clear consensus on whether histological type is a prognostic factor&#44; the collapsing variant seems to be the most aggressive&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#44;18</span></a></p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In terms of lupus nephritis&#44; previously published data is confirmed regarding the involvement of mainly young women and proteinuria less than 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g per day&#46; For this disease&#44; membranous nephritis has the best renal prognosis compared to the diffuse proliferative variant&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19&#44;20</span></a></p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our study is not exempt of limitations&#44; such as the small amount of data collected from the patients &#40;to facilitate the delivery from the collaborating centres&#41; or its retrospective nature&#46; Moreover&#44; it should be highlighted that only baseline analytical patient data were recorded&#44; which also involves certain limitations&#46; Furthermore&#44; we do not have the treatment data for the patients biopsied and there may be a certain degree of heterogeneity as we looked at diseases from different centres&#46; Nevertheless&#44; the large sample size and follow-up period grant validity to the results presented&#46;</p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In conclusion&#44; the Castilla-La Mancha Registry of Glomerulonephritis shows the poor prognosis of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis type III&#44; unlike minimal change disease and lupus nephritis&#46; Renal function is an independent predictor of renal survival and mortality in our population&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0140">Funding</span><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study was funded in part by the <span class="elsevierStyleGrantSponsor" id="gs1">Sociedad Castellano-Manchega de Nefrolog&#237;a</span> &#40;Castellano-Manchega Nephrology Society&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0075" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0145">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None declared&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Background</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Renal biopsy registries allow histopathological data to be collected to improve knowledge of different pathologies and their natural history&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Aim</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To analyse the data of the Castilla La Mancha Glomerulonephritis Registry &#40;GLOMANCHA&#41; and the evolution of the different biopsy-proven pathologies between 1994 and 2008&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Methods</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The 6 most common biopsy-proven pathologies were collected during the 14 years of the study &#40;941 biopsies&#41; in the 5 participant centres of the autonomous community&#46; In 2008&#44; we assessed patient renal survival and mortality and we evaluated associated factors to each situation for each pathology&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Results</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Of the 941 biopsies&#44; 59&#37; belonged to men&#44; with a mean age of 48<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>18 years&#46; At the time of the biopsy&#44; the median glomerular filtration rate was 50&#46;3 &#40;25&#46;5&#8211;76&#46;3&#41; ml&#47;min&#47;1&#46;73<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>m<span class="elsevierStyleSup"><span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">2</span></span> and median proteinuria was 3&#46;4 &#40;1&#46;5&#8211;6&#46;4&#41; grams per day&#46; The most common pathology were lupus nephropathy&#44; followed by focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and membranous nephropathy&#46; Lupus nephropathy and minimal change disease achieved the best renal prognosis during follow-up &#40;mean 7&#46;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#46;8 years&#41;&#46; Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis type 3 and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis had the worst renal prognosis&#46; In addition&#44; rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis type 3 presented the worst vital prognosis&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In GLOMANCHA&#44; we demonstrate the poor prognosis of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis type 3&#44; in contrast to minimal change disease or lupus nephropathy&#46; Renal function is an independent predictor of renal survival and mortality in this study&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:5 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0005"
            "titulo" => "Background"
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          1 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0010"
            "titulo" => "Aim"
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          2 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0015"
            "titulo" => "Methods"
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            "identificador" => "abst0020"
            "titulo" => "Results"
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            "identificador" => "abst0025"
            "titulo" => "Conclusions"
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      "es" => array:3 [
        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Antecedentes</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los registros de biopsias renales permiten la recogida de datos histopatol&#243;gicos que&#44; puestos en su conjunto&#44; ayudan a comprender enfermedades y su historia natural&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Analizar los datos del Registro de Glomerulonefritis de Castilla-La Mancha &#40;GLOMANCHA&#41; y la evoluci&#243;n de las diferentes enfermedades biopsiadas &#40;1994-2008&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se recogieron las 6 enfermedades biopsiadas m&#225;s prevalentes durante los 14 a&#241;os &#40;941 biopsias&#41; en 5 hospitales de la comunidad aut&#243;noma&#46; En 2008 se evalu&#243; la situaci&#243;n vital y renal de los pacientes y se analizaron los factores asociados a dicha situaci&#243;n en cada enfermedad&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">Resultados</span><p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">De las 941 biopsias&#44; el 59&#37; fueron de varones con una edad media de 48<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>18 a&#241;os&#46; En el momento de la biopsia la mediana de filtrado glomerular &#40;FG&#41; era de 50&#44;3 &#40;25&#44;5-76&#44;3&#41; ml&#47;min&#47;1&#44;73&#160;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> y la de proteinuria de 3&#44;4 &#40;1&#44;5-6&#44;4&#41; g al d&#237;a&#46; La enfermedad m&#225;s frecuente fue la nefropat&#237;a l&#250;pica&#44; seguida de la glomeruloesclerosis focal y segmentaria&#44; y de la membranosa&#46; El mejor pron&#243;stico renal durante el seguimiento &#40;media 7&#44;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#44;8 a&#241;os&#41; fue el de la nefropat&#237;a l&#250;pica y la nefropat&#237;a por cambios m&#237;nimos&#59; la glomeruloesclerosis focal y segmentaria y las glomerulonefritis r&#225;pidamente progresivas de tipo 3 tuvieron el peor pron&#243;stico renal&#46; Esta &#250;ltima&#44; adem&#225;s&#44; tuvo el peor pron&#243;stico vital&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0060">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">GLOMANCHA demuestra el mal pron&#243;stico de las glomerulonefritis r&#225;pidamente progresivas de tipo 3&#44; a diferencia de la nefropat&#237;a por cambios m&#237;nimos y l&#250;pica&#46; La funci&#243;n renal es un predictor independiente de supervivencia renal y de mortalidad en nuestra poblaci&#243;n&#46;</p></span>"
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        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0045">Please cite this article as&#58; Conde Olasagasti JL&#44; Acevedo Rib&#243; M&#44; Roca Mu&#241;oz A&#44; Vozmediano Poyatos C&#44; Rivera F&#44; Illescas Fern&#225;ndez-Bermejo ML&#44; et al&#46; Estudio evolutivo de las glomerulonefritis en Castilla-La Mancha &#40;GLOMANCHA&#41; en el periodo 1994-2008&#46; Nefrologia&#46; 2016&#59;36&#58;237&#8211;242&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">48 &#40;18&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Proteinuria &#40;g&#47;day&#41;</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;4 &#40;1&#46;5&#8211;6&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Histological diagnosis&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Lupus nephritis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">204 &#40;21&#46;7&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Focal segmental&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">179 &#40;19&#46;0&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Membranous&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0015">At renal biopsy&#46;</p>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Baseline characteristics of the population biopsied&#46;</p>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0080" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">MCD&#58; minimal change disease&#59; RPGN type III&#58; rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis type III&#59; FSGS&#58; focal segmental glomerulosclerosis&#59; IgA&#58; IgA nephropathy&#59; LN&#58; lupus nephritis&#59; MN&#58; membranous nephritis&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">19&#46;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">46 &#40;20&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">48 &#40;16&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">52 &#40;16&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">75&#46;3 &#40;50&#46;5&#8211;96&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">45&#46;1 &#40;29&#46;3&#8211;63&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">67&#46;1 &#40;41&#46;5&#8211;83&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">48&#46;1 &#40;28&#46;5&#8211;73&#46;05&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">13&#46;6 &#40;7&#46;6&#8211;21&#46;55&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">65&#46;9 &#40;46&#46;9&#8211;85&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Proteinuria &#40;g&#47;day&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#44;</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#46;5 &#40;5&#46;0&#8211;11&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3&#46;0 &#40;1&#46;7&#8211;5&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#46;1 &#40;4&#46;9&#8211;11&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;0 &#40;1&#46;1&#8211;3&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;5 &#40;0&#46;8&#8211;2&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;8 &#40;1&#46;2&#8211;4&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0090" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">GN&#58; glomerulonephritis&#59; HR &#40;95&#37; CI&#41;&#58; hazard ratio &#40;95&#37; confidence interval&#41;&#46;</p>"
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                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Unadjusted renal survival</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Adjusted renal survival<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a></th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Unadjusted overall survival</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Adjusted overall survival<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a></th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">HR &#40;95&#37; CI&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">HR &#40;95&#37; CI&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">HR &#40;95&#37; CI&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">HR &#40;95&#37; CI&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="9" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis &#40;n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">179&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Initial MDRD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;96 &#40;0&#46;95&#8211;0&#46;97&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#60;0&#46;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;96 &#40;0&#46;95&#8211;0&#46;97&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#60;0&#46;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;96 &#40;0&#46;94&#8211;0&#46;98&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#60;0&#46;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;98 &#40;0&#46;96&#8211;1&#46;00&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;09&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Proteinuria<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g&#47;day<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;49 &#40;0&#46;91&#8211;2&#46;45&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;44 &#40;0&#46;86&#8211;2&#46;43&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;16&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;69 &#40;0&#46;78&#8211;3&#46;67&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;17&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;38 &#40;0&#46;62&#8211;3&#46;06&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;42&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="9" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="9" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Membranous nephropathy &#40;n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">177&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Initial MDRD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;95 &#40;0&#46;94&#8211;0&#46;97&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#60;0&#46;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;96 &#40;0&#46;94&#8211;0&#46;98&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#60;0&#46;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;96 &#40;0&#46;95&#8211;0&#46;98&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#60;0&#46;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;98 &#40;0&#46;96&#8211;0&#46;99&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;02&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Proteinuria<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7&#46;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g&#47;day<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;01 &#40;0&#46;41&#8211;2&#46;52&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;97&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;70 &#40;0&#46;27&#8211;1&#46;78&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;46&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;12 &#40;1&#46;00&#8211;4&#46;49&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;51 &#40;0&#46;70&#8211;3&#46;29&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;29&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="9" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="9" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">IgA nephropathy &#40;n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">137&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Initial MDRD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;95 &#40;0&#46;94&#8211;0&#46;96&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#60;0&#46;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;94 &#40;0&#46;93&#8211;0&#46;96&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#60;0&#46;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;97 &#40;0&#46;93&#8211;0&#46;98&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#60;0&#46;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;98 &#40;0&#46;95&#8211;1&#46;01&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;09&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Proteinuria<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g&#47;day<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;28 &#40;1&#46;29&#8211;4&#46;01&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#60;0&#46;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2&#46;91 &#40;1&#46;61&#8211;5&#46;25&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#60;0&#46;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;21 &#40;0&#46;48&#8211;3&#46;06&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;68&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;93 &#40;0&#46;32&#8211;2&#46;67&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;89&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="9" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="9" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Rapidly progressive GN type III &#40;n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">155&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Initial MDRD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;91 &#40;0&#46;87&#8211;0&#46;96&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#60;0&#46;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;91 &#40;0&#46;87&#8211;0&#46;96&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#60;0&#46;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;96 &#40;0&#46;92&#8211;0&#46;98&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">&#60;0&#46;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;97 &#40;0&#46;94&#8211;1&#46;00&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;08&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Proteinuria<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#46;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g&#47;day<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;28 &#40;0&#46;65&#8211;2&#46;52&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;47&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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