Urinary loss of thiamine is increased by low doses of furosemide in healthy volunteers☆,☆☆,★
Section snippets
Volunteers
The study was approved by the institutional review board. Six consenting healthy adults (ages 21 to 27 years, 5 men, 1 woman) were recruited after screening by medical history, physical examination, routine laboratory tests, and an electrocardiogram. No volunteer was a smoker or drank alcoholic beverages. All were consuming unrestricted diets and none was using any medications or vitamin supplements of any kind.
Procedures
Volunteers were tested on 4 study days, 1 for each of the four diuretic
Results
There were no significant individual differences in urine variables between the 6 volunteers on the 4 pre-intervention days (data not shown). Baseline values for the urine variables on the pre-intervention days are presented in Table I.Empty Cell Before 1 mg Before 3 mg Before 10 mg Before saline Mean Volume (mL/d) 1224 ± 454 1218 ± 413 1225 ± 369 1232 ± 504 1223 ± 408 Creatinine (mg/d) 943 ± 436 1271 ± 318 1200 ± 345 1224 ± 291 1169 ± 345 Flow (mL/h) 50 ± 17 51 ± 19 51 ±
Discussion
Thiamine is eliminated from the body by renal excretion that is dependent on glomerular filtration rate and on thiamine plasma concentrations.11 Under normal conditions free thiamine constitutes only a small fraction of total blood concentration, because it is rapidly taken up by blood cells and phosphorylated to thiamine pyrophosphate, which cannot diffuse out of the cell.12 The vitamin undergoes glomerular filtration as well as active tubular reabsorption and secretion,11 with the latter
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Cited by (0)
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From the Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine, Sheba Medical Center and Tel Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine.
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Reprint requests: Hillel Halkin, MD, Department of Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel.
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