The Present and FutureState-of-the-Art ReviewThe Pathophysiological Role of Interstitial Sodium in Heart Failure
State-of-the-Art Review
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Key Words
endothelial dysfunction
endothelial glycocalyx
glycosaminoglycan
interstitium
proteoglycan
Abbreviations and Acronyms
ADHF
acute decompensated heart failure
AVP
arginine vasopressin
eGC
endothelial glycocalyx
EnNaC
endothelial sodium channel
GAG
glycosaminoglycan
HF
heart failure
Na+
sodium
NO
nitric oxide
TBW
total body water
VEGF-C
vascular endothelial growth factor C
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Drs. Nijst, Verbrugge, Grieten, and Mullens are researchers for the Limburg Clinical Research Program (LCRP), UHasselt-ZOL-Jessa, which is supported by the Foundation Limburg Sterk Merk (LSM), Hasselt University, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, and Jessa Hospital. The authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.
Copyright © 2015 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.