Información de la revista
Vol. 34. Núm. 3.Mayo 2014
Páginas 273-424
Vol. 34. Núm. 3.Mayo 2014
Páginas 273-424
Acceso a texto completo
La procalcitonina como indicador temprano de infección aguda en pacientes en hemodiálisis
Procalcitonin as an early predictor of acute infection in hemodialysis patients
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16408
Borja Quirogaa, Maite Villaverdeb, Almudena Vegaa, Soraya Abada, Javier Requea, Juan M. López-Gómeza
a Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Madrid, España,
b Clínica Dialcentro, Madrid, Madrid, España,
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Antecedentes y objetivos: Los pacientes en hemodiálisis tienen un riesgo aumentado de padecer infecciones en comparación con sujetos no en diálisis. La procalcitonina se eleva en pacientes con infecciones bacterianas. Sin embargo, no ha sido estudiada en los pacientes en diálisis. El objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar la procalcitonina como predictor precoz de infecciones en los pacientes en hemodiálisis. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio de cohortes retrospectivo con 211 pacientes prevalentes en hemodiálisis (mediana de edad: 73 años [rango 60-80], 58 % varones) entre 2005-2012. Se extrajeron muestras prediálisis y se siguió a los pacientes durante 40 ± 25 meses (0-84). Se recogieron datos basales demográficos y de laboratorio, incluyendo marcadores inflamatorios. Durante el seguimiento se documentaron y analizaron las nuevas infecciones. Resultados: Durante el seguimiento, 112 pacientes (53 %) tuvieron una infección. Se estableció una correlación entre procalcitonina y proteína C reactiva (PCR) (σ = 0,482, p < 0,0001). El único marcador estudiado capaz de predecir infecciones al primer mes fue la procalcitonina (p = 0,023) en un modelo ajustado. La PCR fue el mejor predictor de infección durante el seguimiento global (p = 0,003), en un modelo ajustado. Conclusiones: La procalcitonina es un marcador de infección precoz (a 30 días) en los pacientes en hemodiálisis. Sin embargo, la PCR resultó ser el único marcador asociado con infecciones a largo plazo.

Palabras clave:
Procalcitonina
Palabras clave:
Pronóstico
Palabras clave:
Hemodiálisis
Palabras clave:
Infección
Palabras clave:
Proteína C reactiva

Background and aims: Hemodialysis patients have a greater risk of infection than individuals not on dialysis. Procalcitonin has been shown to rise in bacterial from but widely studied in hemodialysis patients. The present study evaluates procalcitonin as an early predictor of infection in this population. Methods: A historical cohorts study was made of 211 prevalent hemodialysis patients (median age 73 years [range 60-80], 58% males) covering the period 2005-2012. Serum samples were thawed and patients were followed-up on for 40±25 months (0-84). Demographic and laboratory test (including inflammatory values) data were recorded at baseline. During follow-up, all infections were documented and analyzed. Results: During follow-up, 112 patients (53.3%) suffered acute infection. A positive correlation was established for procalcitonin and C-reactive protein (σ=0.482, p<0.0001). Procalcitonin was the only inflammatory marker capable of predicting infection at one month (p=0.023) in a model with all the studied inflammatory markers. C-reactive protein was the best predictor of infection over global follow-up (p=0.003), after adjusting for all the studied factors. Conclusions: Procalcitonin is an early predictor of infection in the first 30 days in hemodialysis patients. However, in relation to the long-term prognosis, C-reactive protein is the most important independent predictor of infection.

Keywords:
Procalcitonin
Keywords:
Prognosis
Keywords:
Hemodialysis
Keywords:
Infection
Keywords:
C-reactive protein
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Bibliografía
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